Gender composition of the occupation, sexual orientation, and mental health in young adulthood
Abstract
The gender composition of the occupation has important implications for work conditions, rewards, and experiences, but little is known about whether it impacts workers' mental health. The present study seeks to answer this question by focusing on depressive symptoms and drug dependence symptoms as mental health outcomes and young adulthood as the life course context. The study further examines whether the association varies by sexual orientation, considering that occupational gender composition affects levels of stress exposure and social support availability in different ways for heterosexuals and sexual minoriti...
Source: Stress and Health - April 18, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Koji Ueno, Preeti Vaghela, Amanda N. Nix Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The role of dehydroepiandrosterone on functional innate immune responses to acute stress
In this study, the effects of DHEA and its sulfate ester DHEA‐S on human male immune function during exposure to an acute stressor is explored. Variation in DHEA, DHEA‐S, testosterone, and cortisol, along with bacterial killing assays, was measured in response to a modified Trier Social Stress test in 27 young adult males. Cortisol was positively related to salivary innate immunity but only for participants who also exhibited high DHEA responses. Additionally, DHEA positively and DHEA‐S negatively predicted salivary immunity, but the opposite was observed for serum‐based innate immunity. The DHEA response to acute ...
Source: Stress and Health - April 11, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sean P. Prall, Emilee E. Larson, Michael P. Muehlenbein Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Meticulous manuscripts, messy results: Working together for robust science reporting
(Source: Stress and Health)
Source: Stress and Health - April 7, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Larissa K. Barber Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research
Issue Information
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Source: Stress and Health - April 7, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Basic psychological need experiences, fatigue, and sleep in individuals with unexplained chronic fatigue
Abstract
Grounded in self‐determination theory, this study tested the hypothesis that the satisfaction and frustration of the psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness would relate to fatigue and subjective and objective sleep parameters, with stress and negative sleep cognitions playing an explanatory role in these associations. During a stay at a sleep laboratory in Belgium, individuals with unexplained chronic fatigue (N = 160; 78% female) underwent polysomnography and completed a questionnaire at 3 different points in time (i.e., after arrival in the sleep lab, before bedtime, and the following ...
Source: Stress and Health - April 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Rachel Campbell, Els Tobback, Liesbeth Delesie, Dirk Vogelaers, An Mariman, Maarten Vansteenkiste Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
How are changes in exposure to job demands and job resources related to burnout and engagement? A longitudinal study among Chinese nurses and police officers
This study used a person‐centered approach to examine the across‐time relationships between job demands and job resources on the one hand and employee well‐being (burnout and work engagement) on the other. On the basis of the job demands–resources model and conservation of resources (COR) theory, increases in demands and decreases in resources across time were expected to result in unfavorable changes in well‐being across time. The results of a 2‐wave study among 172 nurses and 273 police officers showed several common patterns across both samples: (a) participants who experienced an increase of demands showed ...
Source: Stress and Health - April 3, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Qiao Hu, Wilmar B. Schaufeli, Toon W. Taris Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Does perceived stress moderate the association between depressive symptoms and socioemotional and behavioural strengths and difficulties in adolescence?
This study aims—based on the cognitive vulnerability‐transactional stress theory—to examine perceived stress in early adolescence as a potential moderator in the association between depressive symptoms and socioemotional and behavioural strengths and difficulties from early to middle adolescence. Results of latent moderated structural equations with questionnaire data from a longitudinal study with 1,088 German students (Time 1: Mage = 13.70, SD = 0.53; Time 2: N = 845, Mage = 15.32, SD = 0.49) indicate that perceived stress functions as a moderator in the above‐mentioned association and dominates the int...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alexander L ätsch Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Stressful life events and posttraumatic growth among police officers: A cross ‐sectional study
This study investigated the development of PTG among 113 police officers working in the New Orleans area following Hurricane Katrina. Hierarchical regression was used to evaluate if gratitude, social support, and satisfaction with life moderated the relationship between stressful life events (as measured by the total life stress score) and PTG, after adjustment for age, sex, race, level of involvement in Hurricane Katrina, and alcohol intake. Results indicate that stressful life events are independently associated with PTG. Gratitude, satisfaction with life, and social support were seen to moderate this relationship; as st...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Monica Leppma, Anna Mnatsakanova, Khachatur Sarkisian, Olivia Scott, Leonie Adjeroh, Michael E. Andrew, John M. Violanti, Erin C. McCanlies Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Self ‐compassion moderates the predictive effects of implicit cognitions on subjective well‐being
This study examined whether self‐compassion may regulate the effects of implicit cognitions (automatic and preconscious responses) on the subjective well‐being of Australian adults (N = 132). As hypothesized, self‐compassion moderated the predictive effects of 2 implicit cognitions (positive attention bias and implicit self‐esteem) on 2 indicators of subjective well‐being (life satisfaction and depressive symptoms). Low implicit self‐esteem and weak positive attention bias predicted more depressive symptoms and lower life satisfaction only for participants who were low in self‐compassion. These results exte...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wendy J. Phillips, Donald W. Hine, Anthony D.G. Marks Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Extending knowledge of illegitimate tasks: Student satisfaction, anxiety, and emotional exhaustion
This study examined illegitimate tasks in relation to student satisfaction, anxiety, and emotional exhaustion in a college student setting through the demand‐control‐support framework. Reports from 473 college students indicated that illegitimate tasks may be important in student populations, as they were linked to student satisfaction and both psychological strain markers. In addition, perceptions of control over how to complete illegitimate tasks did not moderate relationships between illegitimate tasks and these outcomes, but perceptions of instructor support did. Specifically, instructor support buffered the negati...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Marcus J. Fila, Erin Eatough Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Value congruence and depressive symptoms among critical care clinicians: The mediating role of moral distress
This study aimed to test the mediating role of moral distress in the relationship between value congruence and job control, on the one hand, and depression, on the other hand. A cross‐sectional study involving physicians, nurses, and residents working in 7 intensive care units in the north of Italy was conducted. Clinicians were administered in the Italian Moral Distress Scale—Revised, the value and control subscales of the Areas of Worklife Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory II. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediation model. Analysis on 170 questionnaires (response rate 72%) found no relation...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Giulia Lamiani, Paola Dordoni, Piergiorgio Argentero Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Development and validation of the Workplace Interruptions Measure
Abstract
In 3 studies, we developed and tested the first comprehensive, self‐report measure of workplace interruptions. The Workplace Interruptions Measure (WIM) is based on a typology of interruptions that included intrusions, distractions, discrepancy detections, and breaks. The four‐factor structure was reduced to a 12‐item measure in Study 1 (N = 317) and confirmed in a diverse sample of employees in Study 2 (N = 160). Study 3 (N = 323) further examined the psychometric properties of the WIM in a sample of university faculty and staff. Studies 2 and 3 demonstrated that both effort‐enhancing interruptions ...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stacy M. Wilkes, Larissa K. Barber, Arielle P. Rogers Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Relationships between social support and student burnout: A meta ‐analytic approach
This study is a meta‐analysis of 19 relevant studies, with 95,434 participants, investigating the relationships between various types of social support and 3 dimensions of student burnout. The overall results indicate that social support is negatively correlated with student burnout. Specifically, school or teacher supports have the strongest negative relationship to student burnout. Social supports from parents and from peers also have a significant negative relationship with student burnout. Among the 3 dimensions of student burnout, inefficacy was more strongly related to social support than emotional exhaustion or cy...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Boram Kim, Sooin Jee, Joungwha Lee, Sunghee An, Sang Min Lee Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Who is afraid of ISIS? ISIS anxiety and its correlates
Abstract
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) is a relatively small organization, yet it wields its terror and media campaigns efficiently. Its presence has altered security measures in many western counties. In the current study, I assess anxiety of the ISIS threat and its correlates in a convenience sample of 1,007 adult Israelis (mean age = 29.61, SD = 7.16). Findings show that being female, a lower socioeconomic status, and having elevated post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom levels were all associated with ISIS anxiety. Likewise, exposure to ISIS media, as well as having low resilience, was also ...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Yaakov Hoffman Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Associations between psychological stress and smoking, drinking, obesity, and high blood pressure in an upper middle ‐income country in the African region
In this study, we examine the associations between CVRFs and psychological stress in the Seychelles, a rapidly developing small island state in the African region. A survey was conducted in 1,240 adults aged 25–64 years representative of the Seychelles. Participants were asked to rank psychological stress that they had experienced during the past 12 months in four domains: work, social life, financial situation, and environment around home. CVRFs (high blood pressure, tobacco use, alcohol drinking, and obesity) were assessed using standard procedures. Psychological stress was associated with age, sex, and socioeconomic...
Source: Stress and Health - April 1, 2017 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tanja Chamik, Bharathi Viswanathan, Jude Gedeon, Pascal Bovet Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
