Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Liver Metastases
This article summarizes the latest advancements in the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy to treat liver metastases. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Karyn A. Goodman, Brian D. Kavanagh Source Type: research
Integration of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy into the Multidisciplinary Management of Pancreatic Cancer
Although most patients with pancreatic cancer die of metastatic disease, an autopsy study showed that up to one-third of patients die of predominantly local disease. This patient population stands to benefit the most from radiation, surgery, or both. Unfortunately, however, single-agent chemotherapy has had minimal benefit in pancreatic cancer, and most patients progress distantly before receiving radiation therapy (RT). With the addition of multiagent chemotherapy, patients are living longer, and RT has emerged as an important modality in preventing local progression. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lauren M. Rosati, Rachit Kumar, Joseph M. Herman Source Type: research
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy for Low- and Intermediate-Risk Prostate Cancer
With over a decade ׳s worth of clinical experience to guide stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer (PCa), sufficient data exist for robust conclusions to be made regarding its efficacy and the toxicities associated with this treatment. We briefly review the fun damental radiobiological basis of SBRT for PCa and provide a comprehensive synthesis of the medical literature to date, focusing on clinical outcomes and toxicities. When possible, we draw comparisons to comparable data for conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Amar U. Kishan, Christopher R. King Source Type: research
New Techniques for Irradiating Early Stage Breast Cancer: Stereotactic Partial Breast Irradiation
Several improvements in breast cancer radiation delivery have been realized using new techniques over the past several decades. As an example, for early stage disease, there has been active investigation of partial breast irradiation (PBI) vs whole breast irradiation. Although still investigational, PBI reduces the treatment volumes, doses to organs at risk, and may improve cosmesis. Over the past 2 decades PBI has been delivered via interstitial brachytherapy, intracavitary brachytherapy, intraoperative radiation therapy, or 3-dimensional external beam radiation therapy. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Asal Rahimi, Robert Timmerman Source Type: research
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Early-Stage Lung Cancer
The rising incidence of early-stage lung cancer, particularly in medically inoperable patients, is anticipated because of the implementation of early detection strategies and population aging in the United States and worldwide. This mandates the development of noninvasive curative treatment approaches for this disease. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has recently emerged as a standard of care for early-stage lung cancer in medically inoperable patients who cannot safely tolerate surgical lobectomy, the established standard for operable patients. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jennifer L. Shah, Billy W. Loo Source Type: research
Radiation and Immune Checkpoint Blockade: From Bench to Clinic
Immune escape of malignant cells is an important hallmark of cancer, necessary for tumor formation and progression. Accordingly, in recent years, therapies that enhance the immune system have had remarkable success in treating a myriad of malignancies. Particularly successful has been immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), which is a therapy that targets T-cell inhibitory receptors, or immune checkpoints. Despite these encouraging clinical results, most patients do not respond to such agents. Therefore, determining methods to better target and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of ICB is of paramount importance. (Source: Seminars...
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jacob E. Shabason, Andy J. Minn Source Type: research
Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy for Lung Metastases: Where is the Evidence and What are We Doing With It?
This review provides an overview of the use of stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for pulmonary metastases. The local control rates after SABR are generally>90%. Whether this also translates into a significant improvement in overall survival is the subject of ongoing studies. New exciting opportunities including the integration of SABR with targeted and immune therapies as well as some competing treatment strategies are discussed. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shankar Siva, Ben J. Slotman Source Type: research
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Spinal Metastases
Patients with metastatic disease including polymetastatic, oligometastatic, and oligorecurrent spinal lesions have extended life expectancy secondary to improvements in systemic agents, and thus require durable local control of spine metastases. Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), which uses highly conformal treatment planning techniques coupled with image-guided technology, has enabled the safe delivery of tumor-ablative doses of radiotherapy. The NOMS decision framework has been developed as a tool to aid in the determination of the optimal treatment of spinal metastases, incorporating radiosurgery, separation surgery...
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Evangelia Katsoulakis, Kiran Kumar, Ilya Laufer, Yoshiya Yamada Source Type: research
Introduction
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), also referred to as stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR), is increasingly been used by radiation oncologists to treat a variety of tumors including most commonly those located in the lung, spine, liver, and pancreas. The principles of SBRT or SABR, including the use of hypofractionation and high-dose per fraction to achieve sharp dose gradients, can result in greater tumor control and better integration with other cancer therapies. However, this technology must be applied judiciously as the risk of harming patients is also increased. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - June 1, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Albert C. Koong, Joel E. Tepper Source Type: research
Improving Quality and Access to Radiation Therapy —An IAEA Perspective
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has been involved in radiation therapy since soon after its creation in 1957. In response to the demands of Member States, the IAEA ׳s activities relating to radiation therapy have focused on supporting low- and middle-income countries to set up radiation therapy facilities, expand the scope of treatments, or gradually transition to new technologies. In addition, the IAEA has been very active in providing internationally harmon ized guidelines on clinical, dosimetry, medical physics, and safety aspects of radiation therapy. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - March 18, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: May Abdel-Wahab, Eduardo Zubizarreta, Alfredo Polo, Ahmed Meghzifene Source Type: research
Bridging Innovation and Outreach to Overcome Global Gaps in Radiation Oncology Through Information and Communication Tools, Trainee Advancement, Engaging Industry, Attention to Ethical Challenges, and Political Advocacy
This report highlights 4 information and communication technology tools in action today: (1) the NCCN Framework for Resource Stratification of NCCN guidelines, (2) ASTRO e-Contouring, (3) i.treatsafely.org, and (4) ChartRounds.com. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - March 18, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Luqman Dad, Trevor J. Royce, Zachary Morris, Meena Moran, Todd Pawlicki, Deepak Khuntia, Patricia Hardenbergh, Bernard Cummings, Nina Mayr, Kenneth Hu Source Type: research
Global Health in Radiation Oncology: The Emergence of a New Career Pathway
The massive global shortfall in radiotherapy equipment and human resources in developing countries is an enormous challenge for international efforts in cancer control. This lack of access to treatment has been long-standing, but there is now a growing consensus about the urgent need to prioritize solutions to this problem and that a global strategy is required for them to be successful. An essential element of making radiotherapy universally accessible is a coordinated approach to clinical training and practice. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - March 18, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Danielle Rodin, Mei Ling Yap, Surbhi Grover, John M. Longo, Onyinye Balogun, Sandra Turner, Jesper G. Eriksen, C. Norman Coleman, Meredith Giuliani Source Type: research
Radiation Oncology Quality and Safety Considerations in Low-Resource Settings: A Medical Physics Perspective
The past few years have seen a significant growth of interest in the global radiation therapy (RT) crisis. Various organizations have quantified the need and are providing aid in support of addressing the shortfalls existing in many low-to-middle income countries. With the tremendous demand for new facilities, equipment, and personnel, it is very important to recognize the quality and safety challenges and to address them directly. An examination of publications on quality and safety in RT indicates a consistency in a number of the recommendations; however, these authoritative reports were generally based on input from hig...
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - March 18, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jacob Van Dyk, Ahmed Meghzifene Source Type: research
The Unique Issues With Brachytherapy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
This article examines the role and delivery of brachytherapy in gynecological cancer treatment; brachytherapy capacity in LMICs, including infrastructure, equipment, and human resources considerations; commissioning, training, and clinical implementation of brachytherapy in LMICs; other challenges, and strategies for improvement in brachytherapy delivery in LMICs, including innovation and current and upcoming international initiatives. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - March 18, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Surbhi Grover, John Longo, John Einck, Priya Puri, Derek Brown, Junzo Chino, Umesh Mahantshetty, Catheryn Yashar, Beth Erickson Source Type: research
Cancer Care Access and Outcomes for American Indian Populations in the United States: Challenges and Models for Progress
Low socioeconomic and health care access realities of being American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) in the United States combined with decades of data documenting poor cancer outcomes for this population provide a population nested within the United States that is analogous to the cancer care landscape of low- and middle-income countries internationally. We reviewed the medical literature with respect to cancer prevention, access to cancer treatment, and access to effective supportive and palliative care for AI/AN populations in the United States. (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)
Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology - March 18, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: B. Ashleigh Guadagnolo, Daniel G. Petereit, C. Norman Coleman Source Type: research
