Topical use of antibiotics for paranasal sinusitis.
Authors: Kobayashi T, Baba S
PMID: 1389406 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Rhinology. Supplement)
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Nasal airway resistance and nasal sensation of airflow.
Authors: Eccles R
Abstract
Nasal obstruction is a common symptom which is most frequently associated with an increased nasal airway resistance. However it is important to appreciate that the objective measurement of nasal airway resistance does not always correlate with the subjective perception of the degree of nasal obstruction. Damage to trigeminal sensory nerve endings can cause a sensation of nasal stuffiness without any change in nasal airway resistance and similarly inhalation of menthol can cause a subjective improvement in nasal sensation of airflow without any change in nasal resistance.
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Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Clinical application of computerized rhinomanometry.
Authors: Pallanch J, McCaffrey T, Kern E
PMID: 1389408 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Rhinology. Supplement)
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Clinical significance of rhinomanometric changes induced by exercise and decongestants.
Authors: Hasegawa M
PMID: 1389409 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Rhinology. Supplement)
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Central nervous system side-effects of antihistamines in schoolchildren.
Authors: Feldman W, Shanon A, Leiken L, Ham-pong A, Peterson R
Abstract
There are no studies available in the literature on the effects of classical antihistamines on the central nervous system (CNS) in children. Clinical studies indicate that somnolence occurs more often with classical antihistamines than with placebo. There is no difference in inducing somnolence in children between placebo and astemizole or terfenadine, two new antihistamines that have thoroughly been shown to have no sedative effect greater than placebo in adults. A double-blind, cross-over trial investigating the CNS-effects of astemi...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Levocabastine: a new topical approach for the treatment of paediatric allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
Authors: Janssens MM
Abstract
Levocabastine is a novel H1-receptor antagonist for topical use, which is being investigated in allergic rhinitis (nasal spray) and conjunctivitis (eye drops). Its anti-allergic effects have been demonstrated in nasal and ocular provocation tests. Clinical studies have been performed in 1,363 patients with allergic rhinitis and 1,218 patients with allergic conjunctivitis, comparing levocabastine mainly to placebo and cromoglycate. Levocabastine was effective when used at a dose of 2 sprays per nostril or 1 drop per eye twice daily, which if necessary can be increased up to fou...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
New strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children.
We report our own experience with astemizole, one of these new antihistamines which confirms that astemizole is an effective and safe drug for the management of AR in children.
PMID: 1358141 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Rhinology. Supplement)
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Pharmacokinetics of astemizole in children.
Authors: Möller C, Andlin-Sobocki P, Blychert LO
Abstract
Astemizole is often administered to children in the treatment of rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria with good efficacy and few side effects. Both astemizole and its major metabolite desmethylastemizole (DMA) are clinically effective without annoying side effects such as sedation. The pharmacokinetics in adults is well known. In three different studies we have investigated the pharmacokinetical properties of the drug in children. Study I (absorption): Thirty-eight children 8-16 years old (mean 12.6 years) and weighing 25-80 kg (mean 45 kg), with rhin...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Clinical experience with non-sedating antihistamines in paediatric allergic rhinitis.
Authors: Wood SF
Abstract
This paper reviews all clinical studies involving the use of astemizole in children. The indications of seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial rhinitis and various allergic disorders were considered in a total of 21 studies (1,008 patients). Reference compounds were placebo and other antihistamines, such as chlorpheniramine and terfenadine. Astemizole and other antihistamines were effective in the treatment of these disorders with a more favourable result for those treated with astemizole. Astemizole appeared very satisfactory as regards laboratory data and absence of side effects....
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Epidemiology of allergic diseases in children.
Authors: Weeke ER
Abstract
The one-year-prevalence rate of bronchial asthma in children varies from 1-3%, when investigated in general practice, to 5-7% in population studies. The prevalence rate is highest in young boys. Eighty percent of the asthmatic children are allergic, house-dust-mite allergy being the most common allergy. The one-year-prevalence rate of rhinitis is 5-10% in general practice, and 10-12% in population studies. Again, the prevalence rate is highest in young boys. About 90% of children with rhinitis symptoms are allergic, with pollen allergy as the most common allergy. Risk factors for...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Novel techniques, standardization tools to enhance reliability of acoustic rhinometry measurements.
We present simple techniques to control these errors. Thus, gel on contoured nose adapters, shadow tracing to maintain posture, laser homing for wavetube alignment, are all integrated into a practical scheme that is easy to implement and causes minimum discomfort to subjects. Repeatability improved to below 3% coefficient of variation (CV) in non decongested subjects when trained operators used all the techniques together viz. gel on nose adaptors, shadow tracing, laser homing. In a factorial experiment, repeated measurements were made on subjects over two consecutive days with operator training and standardization tools a...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Acoustic rhinometry and rhinomanometry.
Authors: Cole P
PMID: 11225286 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Rhinology. Supplement)
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Acoustic rhinometry: recommendations for technical specifications and standard operating procedures.
Authors: Hilberg O, Pedersen OF
Abstract
This document is the result of the work and discussion of the Standardization Committee on Acoustic Rhinometry and presents guidelines for quality control and optimal application of acoustic rhinometry at its present stage. It is suggested that: 1. A well-defined standard nose is used for testing and optimising the equipment (data for a standard nose is given in the paper). 2. Procedures for evaluation of accuracy and repeatability of the measurements in the standard nose are presented, and error limits are defined for the area-distance curve as a whole, for the min...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Clinical applications of acoustic rhinometry.
Authors: Grymer LF
Abstract
The clinical value of acoustic rhinometry (AR) is its ability to measure the dimensions of the nasal cavity in terms of a curve describing the cross-sectional areas as a function of distance. This curve describes nasal airway patency and gives an impression of the degree of nasal obstruction. The method provides values before and after decongestion which allow to evaluate the cause of the nasal obstruction as mainly skeletal or mucosal. This makes AR a tool for diagnosis and follow-up of treatment in both rhinology and rhinosurgery. Similarly, AR is a reliable method to show the...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
Nasal histamine challenge: a reproducible model of induced congestion measured by acoustic rhinometry.
We describe the development of a clinical model of nasal congestion using a fixed dose histamine challenge in normals. The objective was to use histamine to induce a similar degree of nasal congestion as a natural common cold (from unpublished data of 250 cold sufferers) and thus establish a rapid screening system for decongestant drug effects. Sixtynine normal subjects were challenged with histamine diphosphate (300 micrograms/nostril) on 2 visits. Thirtytwo subjects were identified showing reproducible baseline values (< 15%CV (coefficient of variation)) and adequate nasal congestion (minimum 20%) without excessive sn...
Source: Rhinology. Supplement - November 12, 2014 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: Rhinol Suppl Source Type: research
