RETRACTED: Womens Preference for Attractive Makeup Tracks Changes in Their Salivary Testosterone
At the request of the authors, the following article has been retracted by the Editor and publishers of Psychological Science:
Fisher, C. I., Hahn, A. C., DeBruine, L. M., & Jones, B. C. (2015). Women’s preference for attractive makeup tracks changes in their salivary testosterone. Psychological Science, 26, 1958–1964. doi:10.1177/0956797615609900 (Source: Psychological Science)
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Fisher, C. I., Hahn, A. C., DeBruine, L. M., Jones, B. C. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Auditory Feedback Is Used for Self-Comprehension: When We Hear Ourselves Saying Something Other Than What We Said, We Believe We Said What We Hear
(Source: Psychological Science)
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lind, A., Hall, L., Breidegard, B., Balkenius, C., Johansson, P. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research
Do We Know What Were Saying? The Roles of Attention and Sensory Information During Speech Production
(Source: Psychological Science)
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Meekings, S., Boebinger, D., Evans, S., Lima, C. F., Chen, S., Ostarek, M., Scott, S. K. Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research
Can Authoritarianism Lead to Greater Liking of Out-Groups? The Intriguing Case of Singapore
(Source: Psychological Science)
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Roets, A., Au, E. W. M., Van Hiel, A. Tags: Short Report Source Type: research
Infectious Cognition: Risk Perception Affects Socially Shared Retrieval-Induced Forgetting of Medical Information
When speakers selectively retrieve previously learned information, listeners often concurrently, and covertly, retrieve their memories of that information. This concurrent retrieval typically enhances memory for mentioned information (the rehearsal effect) and impairs memory for unmentioned but related information (socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting, SSRIF), relative to memory for unmentioned and unrelated information. Building on research showing that anxiety leads to increased attention to threat-relevant information, we explored whether concurrent retrieval is facilitated in high-anxiety real-world contexts. P...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Coman, A., Berry, J. N. Tags: Research Report Source Type: research
Womens Preference for Attractive Makeup Tracks Changes in Their Salivary Testosterone
Previous research suggests that women’s motivation to appear attractive is increased around the time of ovulation. However, the specific hormonal correlates of within-woman changes in motivation to appear attractive have not been investigated. To address this issue, we used a longitudinal design and a data-driven visual preference task. We found that women’s preference for attractive makeup increases when their salivary testosterone levels are high. The relationship between testosterone level and preference for attractive makeup was independent of estradiol level, progesterone level, and estradiol-to-progestero...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Fisher, C. I., Hahn, A. C., DeBruine, L. M., Jones, B. C. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Rats Fed a Diet Rich in Fats and Sugars Are Impaired in the Use of Spatial Geometry
A diet rich in fats and sugars is associated with cognitive deficits in people, and rodent models have shown that such a diet produces deficits on tasks assessing spatial learning and memory. Spatial navigation is guided by two distinct types of information: geometrical, such as distance and direction, and featural, such as luminance and pattern. To clarify the nature of diet-induced spatial impairments, we provided rats with standard chow supplemented with sugar water and a range of energy-rich foods eaten by people, and then we assessed their place- and object-recognition memory. Rats exposed to this diet performed compa...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Tran, D. M. D., Westbrook, R. F. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
When Delays Improve Memory: Stabilizing Memory in Children May Require Time
Memory is critical for learning, cognition, and cognitive development. Recent work has suggested that preschool-age children are vulnerable to catastrophic levels of memory interference, in which new learning dramatically attenuates memory for previously acquired knowledge. In the work reported here, we investigated the effects of consolidation on children’s memory by introducing a 48-hr delay between learning and testing. In Experiment 1, the delay improved children’s memory and eliminated interference. Results of Experiment 2 suggest that the benefit of this delay is limited to situations in which children ar...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Darby, K. P., Sloutsky, V. M. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Put Your Imperfections Behind You: Temporal Landmarks Spur Goal Initiation When They Signal New Beginnings
We present causal evidence that emphasizing a temporal landmark denoting the beginning of a new time period increases people’s intentions to initiate goal pursuit. In addition, we propose and show that people’s strengthened motivation to begin pursuing their aspirations following such temporal landmarks originates in part from the psychological disassociation these landmarks induce from a person’s past, imperfect self. (Source: Psychological Science)
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dai, H., Milkman, K. L., Riis, J. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
The Effects of Social Context and Acute Stress on Decision Making Under Uncertainty
Uncertainty preferences are typically studied in neutral, nonsocial contexts. This approach, however, fails to capture the dynamic factors that influence choices under uncertainty in the real world. Our goal was twofold: to test whether uncertainty valuation is similar across social and nonsocial contexts, and to investigate the effects of acute stress on uncertainty preferences. Subjects completed matched gambling and trust games following either a control or a stress manipulation. Those who were not under stress exhibited no differences between the amount of money gambled and the amount of money entrusted to partners. In...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: FeldmanHall, O., Raio, C. M., Kubota, J. T., Seiler, M. G., Phelps, E. A. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Memory Transmission in Small Groups and Large Networks: An Agent-Based Model
The spread of social influence in large social networks has long been an interest of social scientists. In the domain of memory, collaborative memory experiments have illuminated cognitive mechanisms that allow information to be transmitted between interacting individuals, but these experiments have focused on small-scale social contexts. In the current study, we took a computational approach, circumventing the practical constraints of laboratory paradigms and providing novel results at scales unreachable by laboratory methodologies. Our model embodied theoretical knowledge derived from small-group experiments and replicat...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Luhmann, C. C., Rajaram, S. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Time Isnt of the Essence: Activating Goals Rather Than Imposing Delays Improves Inhibitory Control in Children
Is it easier to inhibit inappropriate behaviors if one pauses before acting? An important finding for theory and intervention is that children’s inhibitory control improves if an adult imposes a delay before they can act. Such findings have suggested that the passage of time allows impulsive urges to dissipate passively. However, in prior studies with imposed delays, children were also reminded about what they should be doing, which may have aided their activation of goal-relevant information. We tested this possibility by independently manipulating delays and task reminders, and measuring 3-year-olds’ abilitie...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Barker, J. E., Munakata, Y. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
A Thousand Words Are Worth a Picture: Snapshots of Printed-Word Processing in an Event-Related Potential Megastudy
In the experiment reported here, approximately 1,000 words were presented to 75 participants in a go/no-go lexical decision task while event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded. Partial correlations were computed for variables selected to reflect orthographic, lexical, and semantic processing, as well as for a novel measure of the visual complexity of written words. Correlations were based on the item-level ERPs at each electrode site and time slice while a false-discovery-rate correction was applied. Early effects of visual complexity were seen around 50 ms after word onset, followed by the earliest sustained orthogra...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dufau, S., Grainger, J., Midgley, K. J., Holcomb, P. J. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
The Foundations of Literacy Development in Children at Familial Risk of Dyslexia
The development of reading skills is underpinned by oral language abilities: Phonological skills appear to have a causal influence on the development of early word-level literacy skills, and reading-comprehension ability depends, in addition to word-level literacy skills, on broader (semantic and syntactic) language skills. Here, we report a longitudinal study of children at familial risk of dyslexia, children with preschool language difficulties, and typically developing control children. Preschool measures of oral language predicted phoneme awareness and grapheme-phoneme knowledge just before school entry, which in turn ...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hulme, C., Nash, H. M., Gooch, D., Lervag, A., Snowling, M. J. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
Is Math Anxiety Always Bad for Math Learning? The Role of Math Motivation
The linear relations between math anxiety and math cognition have been frequently studied. However, the relations between anxiety and performance on complex cognitive tasks have been repeatedly demonstrated to follow a curvilinear fashion. In the current studies, we aimed to address the lack of attention given to the possibility of such complex interplay between emotion and cognition in the math-learning literature by exploring the relations among math anxiety, math motivation, and math cognition. In two samples—young adolescent twins and adult college students—results showed inverted-U relations between math a...
Source: Psychological Science - December 10, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Wang, Z., Lukowski, S. L., Hart, S. A., Lyons, I. M., Thompson, L. A., Kovas, Y., Mazzocco, M. M. M., Plomin, R., Petrill, S. A. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research
