Ablation characteristics of a 4D carbon/carbon composite under a high flux of combustion products with a high content of particulate alumina in a solid rocket motor
Publication date: April 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 2 Author(s): Yang Liu, Jing-qiu Pei, Jiang Li, Guo-qiang He The ablation behavior of a four-directional carbon/carbon (C/C) composite was examined in a lab-scale solid rocket motor under a high flux of combustion products containing a high content of particulate alumina. The composite consisted of three braided carbon fiber bundles at 120° to each other in the XY plane and a hexagonal array of carbon rods in the Z direction, all in a pitch carbon matrix. The rods consisted of a unidirectional array of the same carbon fibers in a pitch carbon ...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 26, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Microstructures and mechanical properties of pyrocarbons produced from phenolic resin with added Ni(NO3)2
Publication date: April 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 2 Author(s): Tian-fei Ma, Xiao-xian Wu, Hong-xia Li, Guo-qi Liu, Wen-gang Yang A refractory containing graphite is commonly used in the metallurgical industry in locations subject to severe thermal shock because of the high thermal conductivity and good thermal shock resistance of graphite. However, a refractory that uses phenolic resin as the carbon precursor is brittle, and to improve its strength and toughness, Ni(NO3)2 is added to the resin to catalyze the in-situ formation of carbon nanofibers/nanotubes. The microstructure and mechanical...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 26, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
WAXD/SAXS study and 2D fitting (SAXS) of the microstructural evolution of PAN-based carbon fibers during the pre-oxidation and carbonization process
Publication date: April 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 2 Author(s): Xiao-yun Li, Feng Tian, Xue-ping Gao, Feng-gang Bian, Xiu-hong Li, Jie Wang Microstructural evolution in polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers at different temperatures during pre-oxidation and carbonization under stretching was studied by synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Microvoids were characterized by the classical SAXS method, and were compared with simulation results obtained by fitting 2D SAXS patterns to a model based on a dilute system of cylindrical microvoids randomly di...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 26, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Carbon foams produced from lignin-phenol-formaldehyde resin for oil/water separation
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Jiang-ying Qu, Qing Han, Feng Gao, Jie-shan Qiu Carbon foams for oil/water separation were synthesized using lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin as the carbon source and polyurethane (PU) foam as the template. Lignin was extracted from sedge grass and was used to replace 25 wt% of the phenol to prepare a LPF resin in an alkaline medium. The carbon foams exhibit unique properties such as open macropores, low bulk density, good water repellency and efficient oil absorption. The absorption capacities of the carbon foams are 12 ...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Modelling and optimization of the pore structure of carbon aerogels using an artificial neural network
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Zhen Yang, Wen-ming Qiao, Xiao-yi Liang An intelligent simulation method for predicting and optimizing the pore structure of carbon aerogels is proposed by using an artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm. The ANN model has been optimized based on an improved genetic algorithm from six typical training algorithms. The volumes and diameters of pores in the simulated samples are predicted by the optimized ANN model, which shows correlation coefficients R 2 of 0.992 and 0.981 and root-mean-square prediction errors (RMSPE) of 0.07...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Effect of graphene oxide addition on the interlaminar shear property of carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy composites
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Xiao Han, Yan Zhao, Jian-ming Sun, Ye Li, Jin-dong Zhang, Yue Hao Carbon fiber-reinforced composites were manufactured by hot pressing stacked carbon fiber prepregs using graphene oxide (GO)-modified epoxy resin as the matrix. Tetrahydrofuran was used as the solvent to disperse GO in the epoxy resin. Results showed that a homogeneous GO-modified epoxy system could be obtained, which was stable for approximately 3 h, long enough to produce the prepreg. The incorporation of 0.10 wt% GO into the epoxy resin achieved the largest ...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Preparation of carbon fibers from low-molecular-weight compounds obtained from low-rank coal and biomass by solvent extraction
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Xian Li, Xian-qing Zhu, Kenshiro Okuda, Zong Zhang, Ryuichi Ashida, Hong Yao, Kouichi Miura The practical use of carbon fibers is limited by their high price mainly due to the high price of precursors. We have examined a high temperature solvent extraction method to prepare carbon fiber precursors from low-rank coals and biomass, using a lignite from Australia and rice straw. 1-methylnaphthalene at 350 °C was used for the extraction and some of the extract in the solvent was precipated at room temperature. The soluble fract...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Preparation of a silicalite/ACF composite and its catalytic activity for NO oxidation to NO2
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Yu Li, Jun-ping Li, Ze-hui Xue A silicalite/activated carbon fiber (ACF) composite was prepared by a two-step method, in which nitric acid oxidation was used to incorporate hydrophilic groups to improve crystal seed impregnation and a hydrothermal process was used to grow silicalite on the ACFs. The samples were characterized by SEM, XRD and N2 adsorption. Results showed that the surface of the ACFs was covered with a silicalite layer, and the specific surface area, pore volume and average pore size of the composite were 826 m2...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Organic photovoltaic cells using MWCNTs
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Samrat Paul, Bijumani Rajbongshi, Birinchi Bora, Ranjith G Nair, S K Samdarshi MWCNTs were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition from Sesamum indicum oil, functionalized, cut into short lengths and used as additives in organic photovoltaic solar cells (OPVs) using poly (3-octylthiophene) (P3OT) as a photoactive molecule and (6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as an exciton dissociation agent. Results indicate that the addition of the MWCNTs and the functionalized and cut MWCNTs increases the power conversion e...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
A comparative study of graphene oxide reduction in vapor and liquid phases
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Yun-zhen Chang, Gao-yi Han, Yao-ming Xiao, Hai-han Zhou, Jian-hua Dong Graphene oxide (GO) was reduced by formaldehyde or formic acid in vapor or liquid phases below 200 °C. The influence of the concentrations of reducing agents, reaction temperature and time on the electrical conductivity of the reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was investigated. The rGOs were characterized by XRD, XPS and Raman spectroscopy. Results show that the optimum reaction temperatures are 150 and 175 °C in the vapor phase and the liquid phase, respectiv...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Oxidation of graphite by different modified Hummers methods
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Roksana Muzyka, Monika Kwoka, Łukasz Smędowski, Noel Díez, Grażyna Gryglewicz Graphite oxides with different oxygen contents and specifications were prepared from a commercial graphite by different versions of the Hummers method and by oxidation with sodium dichromate. The chemical and structural characteristics of the graphite oxides were studied by elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Dichromate oxida...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Controllable synthesis of sandwich-like graphene-supported structures for energy storage and conversion
Publication date: February 2017 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 32, Issue 1 Author(s): Wei-ming Wu, Chang-song Zhang, Shu-bin Yang This paper reviews recent progress on the controllable synthesis of sandwich-like graphene-supported structures for energy storage and conversion by harnessing the two-dimensional structure of graphene. These structures could be divided into three major categories: graphene-supported nanoparticles (0D), graphene-supported nanorods, nanowires or nanoribbons (1D), and graphene-supported nanoplates (2D). In these structures, the intrinsic incompatibility between graphene and the functiona...
Source: New Carbon Materials - May 4, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Microstructures of carbon nanoscrolls characterized by polarized micro –Raman spectroscopy
Publication date: December 2016 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 31, Issue 6 Author(s): G. Carotenuto, A. Longo, C. Camerlingo, S. De Nicola, G.P. Pepe Carbon nanoscrolls (CNSs) are produced by rolling up the graphite layer in graphite nanoplatelets on a nanofibrous bi-axially oriented polypropylene surface by a shear-friction mechanism. Microstructures of the CNSs are characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Results indicate that the CNSs have a long tubular and fusiform structure with a holl...
Source: New Carbon Materials - January 23, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Preparation and electrochemical performance of a polyaniline-carbon microsphere hybrid as a supercapacitor electrode
Publication date: December 2016 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 31, Issue 6 Author(s): Wei-feng Liu, Yong-zhen Yang, Xu-guang Liu, Bing-she Xu A polyaniline-carbon microsphere (PANI-CMS) hybrid was prepared by an electrochemical deposition method and used as an electrode for supercapacitors. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy were used to characterize its morphology and structure. The supercapacitive performance of the hybrid was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cycling tests. Result...
Source: New Carbon Materials - January 23, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
Microstructure and molten salt impregnation characteristics of a micro-fine grain graphite for use in molten salt reactors
Publication date: December 2016 Source:New Carbon Materials, Volume 31, Issue 6 Author(s): Wen-ting Zhang, Bao-liang Zhang, Jin-liang Song, Wei Qi, Xiu-jie He, Zhan-jun Liu, Peng-fei Lian, Zhou-tong He, Li-na Gao, Hui-hao Xia, Xiang-dong Liu, Xing-tai Zhou, Li-bin Sun, Xin-xin Wu The microstructure and molten salt impregnation characteristics of a micro-fine grain isotropic graphite ZXF-5Q from Poco Inc. was investigated. The microstructural characteristics of the pores caused by gas evolution, calcination cracks, Mrozowski cracks, and the crystal structure were characterized by optical microscopy, mercury ...
Source: New Carbon Materials - January 23, 2017 Category: Chemistry Source Type: research
