Identification of semiochemicals attractive to Simulium vittatum (IS ‐7)
The objective of this study was to identify compounds excreted by mammalian hosts that are attractive to host‐seeking S. vittatum females. The attractiveness of putative compounds to colonized S. vittatum was tested through electrophysiological (electroantennography; n = 58 compounds) and behavioural (Y‐tube assays; n = 7 compounds in three concentrations) bioassays. Five compounds were significantly attractive to host‐seeking S. vittatum females: 1‐octen‐3‐ol; 2‐heptanone; acetophenone; 1‐octanol, and naphthalene. These candidate compounds might be useful as attractants in traps that could be...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - December 1, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: G. G. VEROCAI, T. W. McGAHA, J. P. IBURG, C. R. KATHOLI, E. W. CUPP, R. NOBLET, T. R. UNNASCH Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Differences in competitive ability for the occupancy of shelters in triatomines
Abstract
Triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) are nocturnal blood‐sucking insects. During daylight hours they remain in an akinetic state inside their shelters, whereas at dusk they become active and move outside. When they are outside their shelters during the photophase, triatomines are vulnerable to diurnal predators and the period just before dawn is critical to their survival. This work analyses the existence of competitive interactions involved in the occupancy of shelters by triatomines. Behavioural assays were performed in which nymphs of different stages, nutritional status or species were released i...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: C. A. ZACHARIAS, S. A. MINOLI, G. MANRIQUE Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Sperm dimorphism in the Triatoma brasiliensis species complex and its applications
Abstract
Morphological and structural features of the sperm of the Triatoma brasiliensis Neiva, 1911 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) species complex were examined in this first study investigating the sperm of Heteroptera and the genus Triatoma. Males were dissected and their seminal vesicles removed. For measurement, seminal vesicles were squashed on glass slides, spread, fixed and observed under a photomicroscope. The images were analysed and measures of sperm were made. Data were analysed using one‐way analysis of variance and Tukey's test to detect differentiation among taxa. Furthermore, seminal vesicles were prepared for s...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. F. BAFFA, D. C. P. CAMARA, J. R. SANTOS ‐MALLET, E. R. DASILVA, J. COSTA, S. P. C. FREITAS Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Evaluation of efficacy of impregnated curtains in experimental hen houses as a phlebotomine control tool in northeast Argentina
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of insecticide‐impregnated curtains against the entry of phlebotomine (Diptera: Psychodidae) flies into experimental slatted hen houses in an area endemic for American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL). Three treatments in experimental dwellings containing three chickens each were applied using, respectively, an impregnated curtain (IC), a non‐impregnated curtain (NIC) and no curtain (NC). A control site without chickens (WC) was included. The study used permethrin at 0.05 g/m2. During each month for 1 year, each experimental hen house randomly received a...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. MANTECA ACOSTA, M. S. SANTINI, A. A. P ÉREZ, O. D. SALOMÓN Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
First report of Stegomyia aegypti (= Aedes aegypti) in Mexico City, Mexico
Abstract
Stegomyia aegypti (= Aedes aegypti) (Diptera: Culicidae) is a species of mosquito that is currently widespread in Mexico. Historically, the mosquito has been distributed across most tropical and subtropical areas lower than 1700 m a.s.l. Currently, populations that are found at higher altitudes in regions with cold and dry climates suggest that these conditions do not limit the colonization and population growth of S. aegypti. During a survey of mosquitoes in September 2015, larvae of S. aegypti mosquitoes were found in two different localities in Mexico City, which is located at about 2250 m a.s.l. Mexi...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: P. KURI ‐MORALES, F. CORREA‐MORALES, C. GONZÁLEZ‐ACOSTA, G. SÁNCHEZ‐TEJEDA, E. DÁVALOS‐BECERRIL, M. FERNANDA JUÁREZ‐FRANCO, A. DÍAZ‐QUIÑONEZ, H. HUERTA‐JIMENÉZ, M. D. MEJÍA‐GUEVARA, M. MORENO‐GARCÍA, J. F. GONZÁLEZ‐ROLDÁN Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
High relative abundance of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans is associated with lumpy skin disease outbreaks in Israeli dairy farms
Abstract
The vector of lumpy skin disease (LSD), a viral disease affecting Bovidae, is currently unknown. To evaluate the possible vector of LSD virus (LSDV) under field conditions, a yearlong trapping of dipterans was conducted in dairy farms that had been affected by LSD, 1‐2 years previously. This was done in order to calculate monthly relative abundances of each dipteran in each farm throughout the year. The relative abundances of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) in the months parallel to the outbreaks (December and April) were significantly higher than those of other dipterans. A stable fly population model b...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: E. KAHANA ‐SUTIN, E. KLEMENT, I. LENSKY, Y. GOTTLIEB Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Behavioural responses of Ixodes ricinus nymphs to carbon dioxide and rodent odour
Abstract
Many haematophagous ectoparasites use carbon dioxide (CO2) and host odour to detect and locate their hosts. The tick Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus) (Ixodida: Ixodidae) walks only small distances and quests in vegetation until it encounters a host. The differential effects of CO2 and host odour on the host‐finding behaviour of I. ricinus have, however, never been clarified and hence represent the subject of this study. The effects of CO2 and odour from bank voles on the activation and attraction of I. ricinus nymphs were analysed in a Y‐tube olfactometer. Carbon dioxide evoked a response in the absence and presence ...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: G. VAN DUIJVENDIJK, G. GORT, H. SPRONG, W. TAKKEN Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Shifts in the distribution of ixodid ticks parasitizing cattle in Zimbabwe
Abstract.
In an attempt to update information on the ecological distribution of ixodid ticks (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in Zimbabwe, a cross‐sectional survey was carried out between September 2013 and May 2015 at 322 dip tanks. A total of 15 tick species were collected, namely: Amblyomma hebraeum Koch (65.2%, n = 210/322), Amblyomma variegatum Fabricius (14.9%, n = 48/322), Hyalomma rufipes Koch (62.4%, n = 201/322), Hyalomma truncatum Koch (37.9%, n = 122/322), Rhipicephalus appendiculatus Neumann (60.6%, n = 195/322), Rhipicephalus compositus Neumann (0.3%, n = 1/322,), Rhipicephalus decoloratus Koch (...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. SUNGIRAI, E. N. ABATIH, D. Z. MOYO, P. De CLERCQ, M. MADDER Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Molecular screening of Leishmania spp. infection and bloodmeals in sandflies from a leishmaniasis focus in southwestern Turkey
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an arthropod‐borne disease that affects approximately 2 million people worldwide annually. The aims of this study were to detect the presence of Leishmania (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) DNA and the feeding preferences of probable vector species in an endemic focus of Leishmania infantum in Turkey. Entomological sampling was performed in August and October 2015 in Aydın province, where cases of human and canine leishmaniasis have been reported previously. A total of 1059 sandfly specimens comprising nine species belonging to two genera, Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia (both: Diptera: Psychodid...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 30, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. KARAKU Ş, M. PEKAĞ IRBA Ş, S. DEMIR, H. EREN, S. TÖZ, Y. ÖZBEL Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
A study of Culicoides in Rond ônia, in the Brazilian Amazon: species composition, relative abundance and potential vectors
This study shows that Culicoides populations differ between forest and pasture environments and indicates that the abundance of C. insignis is an important factor in epidemiological vigilance studies in the region. (Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology)
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 23, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: L. P. C. CARVALHO, A. M. PEREIRA J ÚNIOR, E. S. FARIAS, J. F. ALMEIDA, M. S. RODRIGUES, F. RESADORE, F. A. C. PESSOA, J. F. MEDEIROS Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
First report of amitraz and cypermethrin resistance in Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato infesting dogs in Mexico
Abstract
Engorged female Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Ixodida: Ixodidae) were collected from dogs in the state of Yucatán, Mexico. Fourteen tick populations were collected from dogs at seven veterinary clinics, four residential homes and three cattle farms. The larval immersion test was used in the progeny of collected adult females to test susceptibility to amitraz and cypermethrin. Dose–mortality regressions, 50% lethal concentrations (LC50), confidence intervals and slope were estimated by probit analysis. For amitraz, 12 tick populations (85.7%) were classified as resistant and low inter‐population variati...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 11, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: R. I. RODRIGUEZ ‐VIVAS, M. M. OJEDA‐CHI, I. TRINIDAD‐MARTINEZ, M. E. BOLIO‐GONZÁLEZ Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Prevalence of keds on city dogs in central Poland
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the species of ked infesting dogs in the cities of central Poland. A total of 510 dogs were observed between June and September 2015. The presence of keds was noted in 182 (35.7%) animals. Keds were more prevalent in female (38.0%) than in male (33.2%) dogs, and were more frequently found in animals younger than 1 year (46.2%) and in long‐haired dogs (36.6%). The body areas most heavily colonized by keds were the groin (35.4%) and neck (21.4%). A total of 904 keds were isolated from dogs, including Hippobosca equina (Diptera: Hippoboscidae) (17.2%), Lipoptena cervi (Dipter...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 10, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: R. SOK ÓŁ, R. GAŁĘCKI Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Assessment of the anti ‐feeding and insecticidal effects of the combination of dinotefuran, permethrin and pyriproxyfen (Vectra® 3D) against Triatoma infestans on rats
This study, based on the rat model, was designed to explore the anti‐feeding and insecticidal efficacy of a topical ectoparasiticide, dinotefuran–permethrin–pyriproxyfen (DPP), against Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), a vector of Trypanosoma cruzi (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), for which dogs are domestic reservoir hosts. Twenty rats were divided into two equal groups: untreated and treated. Each rat was exposed under sedation to 16 T. infestans of mixed life stages for 1 h on days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 post‐treatment. The anti‐feeding and insecticidal effects of DPP were estimated after 1 h ...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 10, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: D. TAHIR, B. DAVOUST, M. VARLOUD, J. ‐M. BERENGER, D. RAOULT, L. ALMERAS, P. PAROLA Tags: Original Article Source Type: research
Hypoderma actaeon: an emerging myiasis in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)
Abstract
Subcutaneous larvae of Hypoderma spp. (Diptera: Oestridae) were detected in the dorsal region in 10 roe deer, Capreolus capreolus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae), hunted in central Spain between January and March 2016. All larvae were found in the inner side of the hide during the skinning of the animals. The study of the morphological features of eight larvae of different stages collected from two animals allowed the identification of Hypoderma actaeon Brauer. The small size (4–5 mm) of some of the first instars suggests that the internal lifecycle of H. actaeon may be exclusively subcutaneous. This is the first confi...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 2, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: R. PANADERO, G. VARAS, G. PAJARES, F. MARKINA, C. L ÓPEZ, P. DÍAZ, A. PÉREZ‐CREO, A. PRIETO, P. DÍEZ‐BAÑOS, P. MORRONDO Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
