Explicit and implicit speaker evaluations and their differential attitudinal determinants
Publication date: Available online 4 July 2018Source: Language SciencesAuthor(s): Tessa Elisabeth Lehnert, Sabine Krolak-Schwerdt, Thomas HörstermannAbstractPrevious speaker evaluation studies have traditionally assessed the influence of attitudes toward languages with explicit self-report measures. Social-cognitive theories positing a differential influence of explicit and implicit attitudes on controlled versus automatic evaluative responses have not been addressed in this domain thus far. In addition to separating attitudes toward languages from attitudes toward nationality, the aim of this study was to test whether ex...
Source: Language Sciences - July 5, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Explicit and implicit speaker evaluations and their differential attitudinal determinants
Publication date: Available online 4 July 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Tessa Elisabeth Lehnert, Sabine Krolak-Schwerdt, Thomas Hörstermann Previous speaker evaluation studies have traditionally assessed the influence of attitudes toward languages with explicit self-report measures. Social-cognitive theories positing a differential influence of explicit and implicit attitudes on controlled versus automatic evaluative responses have not been addressed in this domain thus far. In addition to separating attitudes toward languages from attitudes toward nationality, the aim of this study was to test whether exp...
Source: Language Sciences - July 5, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Accent-induced bias in linguistic transcriptions
This article focuses on the susceptibility of transcribers to such accent-induced bias, based on speaker's accent, transcriber's variety, and the transcriber's knowledge about the language variety they are transcribing. We offer a method to statistically detect accent-induced biases in linguistic transcriptions. This article investigates accent-induced bias in transcriptions of Reference French and Laurentian French (in Canada). In Reference French, high front vowels are phonologically tense /i y/, but they may be phonetically realised as lax [ɪ ʏ]. In Laurentian French, lax [ɪ ʏ] occur as allophones of /i y/. We compa...
Source: Language Sciences - July 3, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
SenseDisclosure: A new procedure for dealing with problematically ambiguous terms in cross-disciplinary communication
Publication date: Available online 28 June 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Julie Mennes Communication in cross-disciplinary (and thus in inter-, multi- and transdisciplinary) projects is frequently challenged by problematically ambiguous terms (henceforth ‘PATs’), i.e. terms that have multiple meanings and for which it is not always clear what meaning is used, thereby generating communication problems. The reason why communication in cross-disciplinary projects is so sensitive to PATs, is that they often involve disciplines that share one or more terms, yet attribute different meanings to them in an implici...
Source: Language Sciences - June 29, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Motion verbs in Modern Standard Arabic and their implications for Talmy's lexicalization patterns
Publication date: Available online 25 June 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Bandar Alhamdan, Oudah Alenazi, Zouheir A. Maalej Talmy's typology of motion events in world languages as verb-framed (V-framed) and satellite-framed (S-framed) languages focuses on the expression of Path and Manner either in the verb or in a satellite to it. However insightful and interesting this typology is, it has too restrictive a scope to account for the role of other conceptual components such as Figure, Ground, and Cause in the overall motion event. The current article brings evidence from Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) to bear o...
Source: Language Sciences - June 26, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Biases we live by: Anglocentrism in linguistics and cognitive sciences
Publication date: Available online 18 June 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Carsten Levisen This paper explores “Anglocentrism” as a bias in contemporary linguistics and cognitive sciences. Anglo concepts dominate international discourse on language and cognition, but the influence that this Anglocentric metalinguistic discourse has on global knowledge production, research methods, and the theoretical framing of research questions is rarely debated. Three case studies on heavily “Anglicised” discursive domains are provided: (i) “the mind” – and the Anglicisation of global discourse of human personh...
Source: Language Sciences - June 19, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Marxism, early Soviet sociolinguistics, and Gramsci's linguistic ideas
Publication date: Available online 15 June 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Alessandro Carlucci In the last few decades, the relationship between linguistics and Marxism has given rise to an important debate among experts on the Italian political thinker and leader Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937). The paper summarises this debate in connection with recent research on Gramsci's intellectual biography, starting from his university training in historical linguistics as well as other sources for his early views on language (Section 2). Section 3 focuses on his subsequent encounter with sociological and applied linguis...
Source: Language Sciences - June 15, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Fetishism and the language commodity: a materialist critique
Publication date: Available online 12 June 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): William Simpson, John O'Regan Over the past 10 years, an emerging body of research in applied linguistics and linguistic anthropology has made the argument that recent global political-economic developments have led to the commodification of language. In focussing on how language is seen as a tradeable commodity, the process of commodification is portrayed as a principally discursive event, where value and commodity status are attributed to languages. However, the notion of both value and of commodities themselves as discursive matters ...
Source: Language Sciences - June 12, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
A political economic analysis of commodified English in South Korean neoliberal labor markets
This study examines two contradictions inherent in using English tests for employment by Marx’s political economy. English proficiency is quantified by the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC), mandatory for more than 90% of job posts in Korea. Based on the interviews with jobseekers and human resource managers, the paper reports two contradictions of the TOEIC: first, while the jobseekers perceived the score is inessential, they said the exceptionally high score is required; second, while TOEIC scores are meant to reflect English competence, they do not reflect the competence. These two contradictions...
Source: Language Sciences - June 8, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Rethinking language change from a dialogic perspective
Publication date: July 2018 Source:Language Sciences, Volume 68 Author(s): Alexander Haselow, Sylvie Hancil (Source: Language Sciences)
Source: Language Sciences - May 30, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Methodological nationalism in Linguistics
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Britta Schneider In this article, I discuss methodological nationalism as a bias that has come into being on grounds of the tendency of social sciences, including sociolinguistics and linguistics, to assume national societies to be the ‘normal’ and natural way of human beings creating belonging. After an introduction to the concept of bias, to the concept of methodological nationalism, and to the debate on language as a discursive entity, I discuss various examples from the field of sociolinguistics that display this bias. I end the c...
Source: Language Sciences - May 25, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Revisiting borders: named languages and de-colonization
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Mario Saraceni, Camille Jacob Recent developments in sociolinguistics have been characterized by a move away from the notion of languages as discrete and separate entities. This has come within a frame of general criticism of structuralism as a theory of language fundamentally emanating from, or at least being tied to, monolingual ideologies of 19th-century European nationalism. Based on the recognition that linguistic borders are little more than political constructs, many sociolinguists prefer to describe language behavior as social pr...
Source: Language Sciences - May 25, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Revisiting Marx and problematizing Vygotsky: a transformative approach to language and speech internalization
Publication date: Available online 24 May 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Jeremy E. Sawyer, Anna Stetsenko Following Marx, Vygotsky saw the historical origins of language in labor, geared to coordinating productive activity that transforms the world and humans themselves. This collaborative activity entails dynamic interactivity, productive practicality and the profound sociality and historicity of language. Vygotsky’s attempted to advance psychology on these Marxist grounds while integrating insights from psychological and linguistic theories of his time, resulting in a complicated tapestry of ideas not wit...
Source: Language Sciences - May 24, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
A competitive mechanism selecting verb-second versus verb-final word order in causative and argumentative clauses of spoken Dutch: A corpus-linguistic study
We present the results of a corpus study on the incidence of omdat-V2 in spoken Dutch, and compare them to published data on weil-V2 in spoken German. Basic findings: omdat-V2 is much less frequent than weil-V2 (ratio almost 1:8); and the frequency relations between coordinating and subordinating conjunctions are opposite (want >> omdat; denn << weil). We propose that conjunction selection and V2/VF selection proceed partly independently, and sometimes miscommunicate—e.g. yielding omdat/weil paired with V2. Want/denn-VF pairs do not occur because want/denn clauses are planned as autonomous sen...
Source: Language Sciences - May 19, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
Simplexity, languages and human languaging
Publication date: Available online 19 May 2018 Source:Language Sciences Author(s): Stephen J. Cowley, Rasmus Gahrn-Andersen Building on a distributed perspective, the Special Issue develops Alain Berthoz's concept of simplexity. By so doing, neurophysiology is used to reach beyond observable and, specifically, 1st-order languaging. While simplexity clarifies how language uses perception/action, a community's ‘lexicon’ (a linguistic 2nd order) also shapes human powers. People use global constraints to make and construe wordings and bring a social/individual duality to human living. Within a field of perception-actio...
Source: Language Sciences - May 19, 2018 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research
