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Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Impairs Index Finger Responses to Unpredictable Perturbations
The fine-tuning of digit forces to object properties can be disrupted by carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). CTS ’ effects on hand function have mainly been investigated using predictable manipulation tasks; however, unpredictable perturbations are commonly encountered during manual tasks, presenting situations which may be more challenging to CTS patients given their hand impairments. The purpose of this st udy was to investigate muscle and force responses of the index finger to unpredictable perturbations in patients with CTS. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - March 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Emily L. Grandy, Kaihua Xiu, Tamara L. Marquardt, Chengliu Li, Peter J. Evans, Zong-Ming Li Source Type: research

Optimization of surface electrodes location for H-reflex recordings in soleus muscle
In this study we investigated the effect of electrode position on soleus H-reflex amplitude. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - March 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Alberto Botter, Taian M. Vieira Source Type: research

Stiffness and Proprioceptive Contributions of Ankle Braces and the Influence of Localized Muscle Fatigue
Ankle braces are a common treatment to reduce ankle sprain recurrence among individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Bracing provides supplemental external joint stiffness and/or improved proprioceptive acuity. The goals of this study were to assess the effects of two ankle braces on joint position sense (JPS) and ankle stiffness, and determine whether bracing effects are reduced with localized muscle fatigue. Measures of JPS and ankle stiffness were obtained from participants with CAI (n=12) for three conditions (no brace, a neoprene wrap brace, and a semi-rigid brace), before and after inducing localized muscle ...
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - March 2, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Courtney A. Webster, Maury A. Nussbaum, Michael L. Madigan Source Type: research

Fingertip forces and completion time for index finger and thumb touchscreen gestures
Users actuate touchscreen computers by applying forces with their fingers to the touchscreen, although the amount and direction of the force is unknown. Our aim was to characterize the magnitude, direction and impulse of the force applied during single finger (tapping and sliding in four directions) and two finger gestures (stretch and pinch). Thirteen subjects performed repeated trials of each gesture. Mean( ±SD) resultant force was 0.50(0.09) N for tap, 0.79(0.32) N to 1.18(0.47) N for sliding gestures, 1.47(0.63) N for pinch and 2.05(1.13) N for stretch. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Deanna S. Asakawa, George H. Crocker, Adam Schmaltz, Devin L. Jindrich Source Type: research

Standardised surface electromyography allows effective submental muscles assessment
The aims of this pilot study were to evaluate: i) the reproducibility and variability of an electromyographical protocol developed for the assessment of submental muscles (SM) ii) to apply the new protocol to maximal teeth clenching, a simple and largely studied static task in order to quantify the relative contribution of submental muscles. In 20 healthy subjects, aged 19-35 years, surface electromyography of SM, masseter (MM) and anterior temporalis (TA) muscles was performed during maximal voluntary clenching (MVC) with and without cotton rolls and the pushing of the tongue against the palate. (Source: Journal of Electr...
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Federica Musto, Riccardo Rosati, Chiarella Sforza, Marilisa Toma, Claudia Dellavia Source Type: research

Corrigendum to “Towards reducing the impacts of unwanted movements on identification of motion intentions” [J. Electromyogr. Kinesiol. 28 (2016) 90–98]
The authors regret. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 23, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Xiangxin Li, Shixiong Chen, Haoshi Zhang, Oluwarotimi Williams Samuel, Hui Wang, Peng Fang, Xiufeng Zhang, Guanglin Li Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Analysis of 3D multi-segment lumbar spine motion during gait and prone hip extension
Modeling the lumbar spine as a single rigid segment does not consider the relative contribution of regional or segmental motion that may occur during a task. The current study used a multi-segment model to measure three-dimensional (3D) upper and lower lumbar spine motion during walking and prone hip extension (PHE). The degree of segmental redundancy during these movements was assessed by calculating the cross-correlation of the segmental angle time series (R0) and the correlation of the segmental ranges of motion (RROM). (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 20, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nicholas Ryan, Paul Bruno Source Type: research

Activity patterns of extrinsic finger flexors and extensors during movements of instructed and non-instructed fingers
The fingers of the human hand cannot be controlled fully independently. This phenomenon may have a neurological as well as a mechanical basis. Despite previous studies, the neuromechanics of finger movements are not fully understood. The aims of this study were (1) to assess the activation and coactivation patterns of finger specific flexor and extensor muscle regions during instructed single finger flexion and (2) to determine the relationship between enslaved finger movements and respective finger muscle activation. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 19, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nathalie van Beek, Dick F. Stegeman, Josien C. van den Noort, DirkJan (H.E.J.) Veeger, Huub Maas Source Type: research

Neck muscle fatigue differentially alters scapular and humeral kinematics during humeral elevation in subclinical neck pain participants versus healthy controls
This study examined the impact of neck muscle fatigue on scapular and humeral kinematics in participants with and without subclinical neck pain (SCNP) during humeral elevation. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 12, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Mahboobeh Zabihhosseinian, Michael W.R. Holmes, Samuel Howarth, Brad Ferguson, Bernadette Murphy Source Type: research

The effect of muscle fatigue and low back pain on lumbar movement variability and complexity
This study investigated if changes in movement variability and complexity after fatigue are influenced by the presence of LBP. It is hypothesised that pain free people and people suffering from LBP differ in their response to fatigue. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 11, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: C.M. Bauer, F.M. Rast, M.J. Ernst, A. Meichtry, J. Kool, S.M. Rissanen, J.H. Suni, M. Kankaanp ää Source Type: research

Correlation between stiffness and electromechanical delay components during muscle contraction and relaxation before and after static stretching
The study was aimed at assessing possible correlations of the electromechanical delay components during muscle contraction (DelayTOT) and relaxation (R-DelayTOT), with muscle-tendon unit (MTU), muscle, and tendon stiffness before and after static stretching (SS). Plantarflexor muscles ’ maximum voluntary torque (Tmax) was measured in 18 male participants (age 24±3 yrs; body mass 76.4±8.9kg; stature 1.78±0.09m; mean±SD). During Tmax, surface electromyogram (EMG), mechanomyogram, and force signals were detected. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 9, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Stefano Longo, Emiliano C è, Susanna Rampichini, Michela Devoto, Massimo Venturelli, Eloisa Limonta, Fabio Esposito Source Type: research

An entropy-assisted musculoskeletal shoulder model
In this study, an objective function including an entropy term is proposed to address muscle co-contractions. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - February 9, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Xu Xu, Jia-hua Lin, Raymond W. McGorry Source Type: research

System Identification of Velocity Mechanomyogram Measured with a Capacitor Microphone for Muscle Stiffness Estimation
A mechanomyogram (MMG) measured with a displacement sensor (displacement MMG) can provide a better estimation of longitudinal muscle stiffness than that measured with an acceleration sensor (acceleration MMG), but the displacement MMG cannot provide transverse muscle stiffness. We propose a method to estimate both longitudinal and transverse muscle stiffness from a velocity MMG using a system identification technique. The aims of this study are to show the advantages of the proposed method. The velocity MMG was measured using a capacitor microphone and a differential circuit, and the MMG, evoked by electrical stimulation, ...
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - January 31, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Takanori Uchiyama, Taiki Tomoshige Source Type: research

Dynamic versus Isometric Electromechanical Delay in Non-Fatigued and Fatigued Muscle: A Combined Electromyographic, Mechanomyographic, and Force Approach
This study used a combined electromyographic, mechanomyographic, and force approach to identify electromechanical delay (EMD) from the onsets of the electromyographic to force signals (EMDE-F), onsets of the electromyographic to mechanomyogrpahic signals (EMDE-M), and onsets of mechanomyographic to force signals (EMDM-F). The purposes of the current study were to examine: 1) the differences in EMDE-F, EMDE-M, and EMDM-F from the vastus lateralis during maximal, voluntary dynamic (1 repetition maximum [1-RM]) and isometric (maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]) muscle actions; and 2) the effects of fatigue on EMDE...
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - January 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Cory M. Smith, Terry J. Housh, Ethan C. Hill, Glen O. Johnson, Richard J. Schmidt Source Type: research

A comparison of gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor facia latae muscle activation during gait in post-menopausal women with and without greater trochanteric pain syndrome
The effect of greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) on gluteus medius (GMed) and minimus (GMin) activation in post-menopausal women is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare segmental muscle activation and variability of the GMed, GMin and tensor fascia latae (TFL) during gait in post-menopausal women with and without GTPS.Intramuscular electrodes were inserted into segments of GMin (x2) and GMed (x3) and a surface electrode placed on TFL. Ten control participants and 8 with GTPS completed six walking trials. (Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology)
Source: Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology - January 26, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Charlotte Ganderton, Tania Pizzari, Tanya Harle, Jill Cook, Adam Semciw Source Type: research