Effect of β-stabilizer elements on stacking faults energies and ductility of α-titanium using first-principles calculations
The effect of W,Mo, V,Ta, andNb, five common β-stabilizing substitutional elements, on α-Tistacking fault energy has been studied using first principle calculations. The generalizedstacking fault energy (GSFE) curves have been determined for different concentrations of β-stabilizers at the fault plane using supercells with up to 360 atoms. Both basal and prismaticslip systems with the stable ( γSF) and unstable ( γUSF)stacking faults and twinning fault energies were determined. All thealloying elements reduce thestacking fault energy for Ti for both basal and prismatic slip. At higher concentration of 25 at. % of V...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 4, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: R. Salloom, R. Banerjee and S. G. Srinivasan Source Type: research
Azimuthal angular dependent hysteresis loops of Fe50Mn50/Ni81Fe19 bilayers grown under a magnetic field
The azimuthal angular dependence of the vectorialhysteresis loops in the Fe50Mn50(AF)/Ni81Fe19(F) bilayer grown under amagnetic field was investigated using a combination of vectorialmagneto-optic Kerr effect and model calculation. From a comparison of the experimental and calculation results, it is found that the AF easy axis is not parallel with but rotated by about 20 ° away from the appliedmagnetic field during the sample growth. Moreover, the transverse loop at the AF easy axis does not vanish but displays an open full circle (i.e., magnetization changes sign between decreasing and increasing field branches for the f...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 4, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Hyeok-Cheol Choi, Chun-Yeol You and Ki-Yeon Kim Source Type: research
Dynamics of low- and high-Z metal ions emitted during nanosecond laser-produced plasmas
Dynamics of metal ions during laser-producedplasmas was studied. A 1064 nm, Nd: YAG laser pulse was used toablate pure Al, Fe, Co,Mo, and Sn samples. Ion flux andvelocity weremeasured usingFaraday cup ion collector. Time-of-flightmeasurements showed decreasing ion flux and ionvelocity with increasing atomic weight, and heavy metal ion flux profile exhibited multiple peaks that was not observed in lighter metals. Slow peak was found to follow shifted MaxwellBoltzmann distribution, while the fast peak was found to follow Gaussian distribution. Ion flux angular distribution that was carried out onMo and Al using fixed lase...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 4, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Ahmed M. Elsied, Prasoon K. Diwakar, Mathew Polek and Ahmed Hassanein Source Type: research
Numerical study of electrical transport in co-percolative metal nanowire-graphene thin-films
Nanowires-dispersedpolycrystallinegraphene has been recently explored as a transparent conductingmaterial for applications such as solar cells, displays, and touch-screens. Metalnanowires andpolycrystallinegraphene play synergetic roles during the charge transport in thematerial by compensating for each other's limitations. In the present work, we develop and employ an extensive computational framework to study the essential characteristics of the charge transport not only on anaggregate basis but also on individual constituents' levels in these types ofcomposite thin-films. The method allows the detailed visualization of ...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 4, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Man Prakash Gupta and Satish Kumar Source Type: research
Propagation length of mid-infrared surface plasmon polaritons on gold: Impact of morphology change by thermal annealing
We studied the propagation length ofsurface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) at the gold/air interface in the mid-infrared range. We showed that SPPs propagate for a distance of about or above 10 mm at a wavelength of 10.6 μm, in good agreement with the value predicted from thedielectric constant ofpolycrystallinegold. We also demonstrated that a simple treatment of thermal annealing led to noticeable elongation of SPP propagation length, accompanied by increased grain size and decreasedsurface roughness. Quantitative evaluation of SPP propagation length, in correlation with material's morphology, is important in designingp...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 4, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Nobuyoshi Hiramatsu, Fumiya Kusa, Kotaro Imasaka, Ikki Morichika, Akinobu Takegami and Satoshi Ashihara Source Type: research
Flame speed enhancement of a nitrocellulose monopropellant using graphene microstructures
The control and enhancement of thecombustion wave propagation velocities of solid monopropellants are very important for the development of low cost and efficient micro power systems such as microthrusters and thermal-to-electrical energy conversion devices. In this work, theflame speed enhancement of a nitrocellulose (NC) solid monopropellant using highlyconductivegraphene structures was demonstrated. Two differentgraphene structures, namely,graphenefoam (GF) andgraphene nano-pellets (GNPs), were studied. For the GNP-doped NC films, fuel layers 500 ± 30 μm thick were deposited and the doping concentrations were v...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: S. Jain, W. Park, Y. P. Chen and L. Qiao Source Type: research
Safe and simple detection of sparse hydrogen by Pd-Au alloy/air based 1D photonic crystal sensor
A simple integrated hydrogen sensor using Pd-Au alloy/air based one dimensional photonic crystal with an airdefect layer istheoretically modeled.Structural parameters of the photonic crystal are delicately scaled to generatephotonic band gap frequencies in a visible spectral regime. An optimizeddefect thickness permits a localizeddefect mode operating at a frequency within thephotonic band gap region. Hydrogen absorption causes modification in theband gap characteristics due to variation of refractive index and lattice parameters of thealloy. As a result, the transmission peak appeared due to the resonantdefect state gets ...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: S. Mitra, T. Biswas, R. Chattopadhyay, J. Ghosh, S. Bysakh and S. K. Bhadra Source Type: research
Modeling of dynamic mechanical properties of polymer composites reinforced by one dimensional nanofillers
This study focuses on calculating thenanocomposite energy dissipation under dynamic mechanical loading. A micromechanicalmodel based on quasi-static stick-slip analysis has been developed to quantify the dynamic mechanicalproperties of thenanocomposites as a function of external strain in the elastic region. Storage and loss moduli are used to characterize such dynamic mechanical behaviors. Influences ofnanotube bundling andnanotube alignment on the dampingproperty of composites have been quantified. Simulation results are in good agreement with the reported experimental measurements. (Source: Journal of Applied Physics)
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Y. Yu, M. Lu, M. H. Chen, L. S. Wang, Z. X. Bu, G. Song and L. Sun Source Type: research
Underdense a-Si:H film capped by a dense film as the passivation layer of a silicon heterojunction solar cell
Underdense hydrogenatedamorphous silicon (a-Si:H) prepared byplasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition was used as apassivation layer insilicon heterojunction (SHJ)solar cells. By reducing the thickness of the underdense a-Si:Hpassivation layer from 15 nm to 5 nm, the open circuit voltage (Voc) of the corresponding SHJsolar cell increased significantly from 724.3 mV to 738.6 mV. For comparison, a widely used transition-zone a-Si:Hpassivation layer was also examined, but reducing its thickness from 15 nm to 5 nm resulted in a continuousVoc reduction, from 724.1 mV to 704.3 mV. The highest efficiency was ...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Wenzhu Liu, Liping Zhang, Renfang Chen, Fanying Meng, Wanwu Guo, Jian Bao and Zhengxin Liu Source Type: research
Theoretical investigation of the phonon-limited carrier mobility in (001) Si films
We calculate the phonon-limited carriermobility in (001) Sifilms with a fully atomistic framework based on a tight-binding (TB) model for the electronic structure, a valence-force-field model for the phonons, and the Boltzmann transport equation. This framework reproduces the electron and phonon bands over the whole first Brillouin zone and accounts for all possible carrier-phononscattering processes. It can also handle one-dimensional (wires) and three-dimensional (bulk)structures and therefore provides a consistent description of the effects of dimensionality on the phonon-limitedmobilities. We first discuss the dependen...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Jing Li, Evelyne Lampin, Christophe Delerue and Yann-Michel Niquet Source Type: research
Experimental and modelling study of the effect of airflow orientation with respect to strip electrode on ozone production of surface dielectric barrier discharge
This study examines the effect of airflow orientation with respect to the strip activeelectrode on concentration ofozone and nitrogen dioxide produced in a planar generator based on the surfacedielectric barrier discharge. The orientation of the airflow was tested inparallel and perpendicular with respect to the strips. It was found that in the investigated range of averagedischarge power, theozone concentration increases approximately by 25% when airflow was oriented inparallel with respect to the strips in comparison with perpendicular orientation of the airflow. Similarly the increase of nitrogen dioxide concentration w...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: J. Mike š, S. Pekárek and I. Soukup Source Type: research
Impurity detection in alkali-metal vapor cells via nuclear magnetic resonance
We use nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of alkali metals sealed inglass vaporcells to performin situ identification of chemical contaminants. The alkaliKnight shift varies with the concentration of the impurity, which in turn varies withtemperature as the alloy composition changes along theliquidus curve. Intentional addition of a known impurity validates this approach and reveals thatsodium is often an intrinsic contaminant incells filled with distilled, high-purity rubidium or cesium.Measurements of theKnight shift of the binary Rb –Na alloy confirm priormeasurements of the shift's linear dependence onNa concent...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: B. Patton and K. Ishikawa Source Type: research
Three-dimensional fundamental thermo-elastic solutions applied to contact problems
This paper aims to develop three-dimensional fundamental thermo-elastic solutions for an infinite/half-infinite space of a two-dimensional hexagonal quasi-crystal, which is subjected to a point heat source. Starting from the newly developed general solution in terms of quasi-harmonic potential functions, the corresponding fundamental solutions are derived by means of the trial-and-error technique. Six appropriate potential functions involved in the general solution are observed. The present fundamental solutions are applied to constructboundary integralequations governing the contact problems. Numerical calculations are pe...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Z. P. Wang, T. Wang, P. D. Li, X. Y. Li, W. Q. Chen and R. M üller Source Type: research
Erratum: “Bistable liquid crystal device fabricated via microscale liquid crystal alignment” [J. Appl. Phys. 120, 143105 (2016)]
(Source: Journal of Applied Physics)
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: Michinori Honma, Wataru Toyoshima and Toshiaki Nose Source Type: research
Interlayer interaction in multilayer [Co/Pt]n/Pt/Co structures
We report a study of interlayerexchange interaction inmultilayer [Co/Pt]n/Pt/Costructures. Thestructures consist of a periodic [Co/Pt]nmultilayerfilm with a perpendicularanisotropy and a thick Co layer with an in-planeanisotropy. The subsystems are separated by a Pt spacer with variable thickness. The magnetooptical Kerr effect and the ferromagnetic resonance measurements show the essentially non-collinear state ofmagnetic moments of the layers and strong exchange coupling between the [Co/Pt]n and the Co subsystems. A simple model based on the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation shows that the exchange coupling isferromagneti...
Source: Journal of Applied Physics - November 3, 2016 Category: Physics Authors: E. S. Demidov, N. S. Gusev, L. I. Budarin, E. A. Karashtin, V. L. Mironov and A. A. Fraerman Source Type: research
