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Multidimensional Physical Self‐Concept in Underserved Urban High School Students: Predicting Physical Activity
The purpose of this study was to predict physical activity (PA) using multidimensional physical self‐concept theory with underserved urban inner city youth. Eight‐hundred and sixty‐five, mostly African‐American, high school students from a large Midwest inner city participated in the current study. Using structural equation modeling, we found support for multidimensional self‐concept theory. We argue against one‐dimensional models of self‐esteem as two discrete physical self‐concepts accounted for significant variance in PA. Endurance and sport self‐concepts both contributed to predicting unique variance ...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - June 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jeffrey Martin, Alex Garn, Matt Ferry, Nate McCaughtry, Bo Shen, Mariane Fahlman Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Effects of an Aerobic and Resistance Exercise Intervention on Health‐Related Quality of Life in Women with Obesity
The efficacy of a combined aerobic and resistance exercise intervention was examined in improving health‐related quality of life in women with obesity. An experimental design was used with a 1‐year follow‐up. After randomization into a control and an exercise group, women with obesity (n = 72) participated in a structured exercise program for 12 weeks. Health‐related quality of life variables were measured using the Short Form‐36v2 Health Survey instrument. Exercise effects were revealed for physical functioning, vitality, bodily pain, mental health, and role emotional, but not social functioning, general hea...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - June 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Theognosia Megakli, Symeon P. Vlachopoulos, Yannis Theodorakis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Comparative Ability of the Pain Disability Questionnaire in Predicting Health Outcomes
This study attempted to compare the predictive ability of the Pain Disability Questionnaire against other established measures in terms of health and pain‐related outcomes. The sample consisted of 254 adult chronic pain patients seeking treatment through an interdisciplinary chronic pain management clinic. Participants were administered a battery of assessments including the Pain Disability Questionnaire and other established measures of health and pain‐related outcomes (e.g., NIH PROMIS measures) at baseline and post‐treatment time points. Results demonstrated convergent validity between the Pain Disability Question...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - June 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ben Lippe, Robert J. Gatchel, Carl Noe, Richard Robinson, Elizabeth Huber, Stephanie Jones Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

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Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - May 31, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Social Physique Anxiety: An Exploration of Influence on Sporting Confidence and Participation
This study investigates the relationship between social physique anxiety (SPA), body image, and sporting participation. Participants (n = 93) were recruited from an Australian university and sporting clubs, and completed a self‐report questionnaire. Results revealed that females (n = 66) were higher in SPA, appearance orientation, health orientation, and weight preoccupation than males (n = 27). Participants who were higher on sporting confidence had lower appearance orientation and body dissatisfaction, and higher appearance evaluation. Results are discussed with regard to the conflicting research in the are...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - March 11, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Alyce Robinson, Vivienne Lewis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Objectified Body Consciousness, Physical Activity, and Dietary Intake in Women
Using a cross‐sectional survey from a relatively large sample of adult women, we examined the relationships of objectified body consciousness (OBC) to physical activity levels, dietary intake, and self‐efficacy to control one's weight through exercise or healthy eating. OBC accounted for a small, statistically significant amount of variation in moderate and vigorous physical activity. Self‐efficacy partially mediated the weak relationship between control beliefs and vigorous physical activity. Differences in OBC between weight control motivation groups (those trying to lose weight vs. maintain weight) and body mass i...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - March 11, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Mark D. Faries, Elizabeth Espie Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Predicting Objectively Measured Exercise Participation from Motivation and Basic Needs Satisfaction: Does a Mediational Model Exist?
This study (a) explored whether relationships exist between objectively assessed exercise participation and both controlled extrinsic motivation and amotivation, and (b) investigated the possible mediation of the relationships between satisfaction of the basic needs and objectively assessed exercise participation. Participants (n = 162) were members of a worksite wellness program. Before beginning the program, participants completed a 33‐item survey measuring the constructs of self‐determination theory. Objectively assessed exercise participation was measured via attendance. Path analysis revealed that the net effe...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - March 11, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Kyle T. Patek, Lisa K. Lloyd, Eric A. Schmidt, Karen Meaney, Phillip W. Vaughan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

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Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - March 1, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research

Source Reliability in Auditory Health Persuasion: Its Antecedents and Consequences
Persuasive health messages can be presented through an auditory channel, thereby enhancing the salience of the source, making it fundamentally different from written or pictorial information. We focused on the determinants of perceived source reliability in auditory health persuasion by investigating it from two distinct angles. First, inferences on the voice (pleasantness) and person (e.g., similarity) significantly predicted perceived source reliability. In a second (experimental) study, three contextual factors (message framing, level of processing, gender matching) affected perceived reliability independently. Furtherm...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - December 2, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Sarah P. Elbert, Arie Dijkstra Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The Stigma of Testing Intentions Revisited: The Exonerating Effects of Favorable Test Results
The mere intention to get tested for HIV carries a significant moral stigma. The current work investigated the nature of this stigma by determining whether or not it persists in the face of invalidating evidence. Participants read a vignette about someone who declines an HIV test, accepts the test and is awaiting results, or accepts the test and receives negative results. Participants judged the person who received negative results as more moral than those who chose not to get tested. These results suggest that people who choose to get tested for HIV can be exonerated by negative results and may ultimately be viewed as mor...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - December 2, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Cynthia Elizabeth Gangi, Susan Lorena Snodgrass Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Body Image, Objectification, and Attitudes Toward Cosmetic Surgery
Objectification theory has been used to explain how women's experiences of sexual objectification results in self‐objectification, self‐surveillance, and body shame, with emerging research linking these factors with positive attitudes toward cosmetic surgery. The present study aimed to further examine the utility of the objectification model in predicting women's interest in cosmetic surgery. Participants were 233 Australian female undergraduate students who completed an online questionnaire. The results from two multiple regression analyses supported the hypotheses that sexual objectification, self‐objectification, ...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - December 2, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Catherine Vaughan‐Turnbull, Vivienne Lewis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Attachment Theory as a Model of Doctor–Patient Interaction
This article reviews extant literature on medical patients' attachment styles and also proposes a new line of research: an investigation of the interaction between patients' and providers' attachment styles. As medical establishments place more emphasis on effective patient–provider communication, attachment theory serves as an apt framework for clarifying, measuring, and training medical personnel in the advancement of patient‐centered care. (Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research)
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - December 1, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Hannah F. Cassedy, Richard A. Enander, Richard C. Robinson, H. Monroe Evans, Blake Frank, Christy Tucker, Paula D. Miltenberger, Sandra Pitts, C. Allen Stringer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Use Your Imagination: College Women's Responses to a Social‐Evaluative Body Image Threat
This study examined psychological and heart rate responses to an imagined social‐evaluative body image threat in women (N = 97). Participants were randomly assigned to picture themselves trying on swimsuits in a store with a group of friends (social‐evaluative threat) or alone (non‐social‐evaluative threat). Measures of state body image and heart rate recordings were completed prior to and following the scenario. A significant group‐by‐time interaction was found for state body image, F(2, 93) = 3.69, p = .03, with the highest body shame and social physique anxiety reported in the social‐evaluative...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - September 2, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Larkin Lamarche, K. Alysse Bailey, Kimberley L. Gammage Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Response to an Exercise Intervention for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Preliminary Study of Processes of Change
Based on the transtheoretical model, this study aimed to examine if the variability of physical activity (PA) level between subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) exposed to the same exercise intervention could be explained by the number and type of processes of change (POC) used. Twenty‐eight patients completed measures of POC and PA level at baseline and 3 months later at the issue of the intervention. The results suggested that patients, who increased their PA level after 3 months, raised their number of POC activated and used both types of POC contrary to participants whose PA level decreased. These preliminary results ...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - September 2, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Ahmed Jerome Romain, Paquito Bernard, Marina Galvez, Johan Caudroit Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Erasing Drug Memories Through the Disruption of Memory Reconsolidation: A Review of Glutamatergic Mechanisms
Over the past decade, a growing body of research has sought to investigate how the pharmacological disruption of memory reconsolidation can degrade or erase memories. Much of this research has focused specifically on disrupting memories that are considered bad or maladaptive for the ultimate purpose of translation to a human population. While most of the research was pioneered in fear memory, recent studies have focused on degrading drug‐cued memories in the context of addiction. Essentially, this research seeks to disrupt cues as predictors of reward or drug availability. A core component of this reconsolidation process...
Source: Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research - September 1, 2015 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Torry S. Dennis, Linda I. Perrotti Tags: Original Article Source Type: research