The developmental neural substrates of item and serial order components of verbal working memory
AbstractBehavioral and developmental studies have made a critical distinction between item and serial order processing components of verbal working memory (WM). This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study determined the extent to which item and serial order WM components are characterized by specialized neural networks already in young children or whether this specialization emerges at a later developmental stage. Total of 59 children aged 7 –12 years performed item and serial order short‐term probe recognition tasks in an fMRI experiment. While a left frontoparietal network was recruited in both item and s...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Lucie Attout,
Laura Ordonez Magro,
Arnaud Szmalec,
Steve Majerus Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Addressing challenges of high spatial resolution UHF fMRI for group analysis of higher ‐order cognitive tasks: An inter‐sensory task directing attention between visual and somatosensory domains
This study addresses these challenges using an inter‐sensory cognitive task which modulates top‐down attention at graded levels between the visual and somatosensory domains. At the individual level, highly focal functional activation to the task and task difficulty (modulated by attention levels) were detectable due to the high CNR at UHF. However, to assess group level effects, both anatomical an d functional variability must be considered during analysis. We demonstrate the importance of surface over volume normalisation and the requirement of no spatial smoothing when assessing highly focal activity. Using novel gro...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Kevin M. Aquino,
Rodika Sokoliuk,
Daisie O. Pakenham,
Rosa Maria Sanchez ‐Panchuelo,
Simon Hanslmayr,
Stephen D. Mayhew,
Karen J. Mullinger,
Susan T. Francis Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Beware detrending: Optimal preprocessing pipeline for low ‐frequency fluctuation analysis
AbstractResting ‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) offers the possibility to assess brain function independent of explicit tasks and individual performance. This absence of explicit stimuli in rs‐fMRI makes analyses more susceptible to nonneural signal fluctuations than task‐based fMRI. Data preprocessing is a critical procedure to minimise contamination by artefacts related to motion and physiology. We herein investigate the effects of different preprocessing strategies on the amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuations (ALFFs) and its fractional counterpart, fractional ALFF (fALFF) . Sixteen art...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Michael Woletz,
Andr é Hoffmann,
Martin Tik,
Ronald Sladky,
Rupert Lanzenberger,
Simon Robinson,
Christian Windischberger Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Genetic architecture of hippocampal subfields on standard resolution MRI: How the parts relate to the whole
AbstractThe human hippocampus can be subdivided into subfields with unique functional properties and differential vulnerability to disease or neuropsychiatric conditions. Identifying genes that confer susceptibility to such processes is an important goal in developing treatments. Recent advances in automatic subfield segmentation from magnetic resonance images make it possible to use these measures as phenotypes in large ‐scale genome‐wide association studies. Such analyses are likely to rely largely on standard resolution (~1 mm isotropic) T1‐weighted images acquired on 3.0T scanners. Determining whether the genetic...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Jeremy A. Elman,
Matthew S. Panizzon,
Nathan A. Gillespie,
Donald J. Hagler,
Christine Fennema ‐Notestine,
Lisa T. Eyler,
Linda K. McEvoy,
Michael C. Neale,
Michael J. Lyons,
Carol E. Franz,
Anders M. Dale,
William S. Kremen Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Neuronal dynamics enable the functional differentiation of resting state networks in the human brain
AbstractIntrinsic brain activity is organized in spatial –temporal patterns, called resting‐state networks (RSNs), exhibiting specific structural–functional architecture. These networks presumably reflect complex neurophysiological processes and have a central role in distinct perceptual and cognitive functions. In this work, we propose an innovativ e approach for characterizing RSNs according to their underlying neural oscillations. We investigated specific electrophysiological properties, including spectral features, fractal dimension, and entropy, associated with eight core RSNs derived from high‐density electro...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 15, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Marco Marino,
Quanying Liu,
Jessica Samogin,
Franca Tecchio,
Carlo Cottone,
Dante Mantini,
Camillo Porcaro Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The inferior occipital gyrus is a major cortical source of the face ‐evoked N170: Evidence from simultaneous scalp and intracerebral human recordings
AbstractThe sudden onset of a face image leads to a prominent face ‐selective response in human scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings, peaking 170 ms after stimulus onset at occipito–temporal (OT) scalp sites: the N170 (or M170 in magnetoencephalography). According to a widely held view, the main cortical source of the N170 lies in the fusiform gyrus (FG), whereas the posteriorly located inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) would rather generate earlier face‐selective responses. Here, we report neural responses to upright and inverted faces recorded in a unique patient using multicontact intracerebral electrodes...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Corentin Jacques,
Jacques Jonas,
Louis Maillard,
Sophie Colnat ‐Coulbois,
Laurent Koessler,
Bruno Rossion Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Spontaneous oscillatory markers of cognitive status in two forms of dementia
AbstractAbnormal oscillatory brain activity in dementia may indicate incipient neuronal/synaptic dysfunction, rather than frank structural atrophy. Leveraging a potential link between the degree of abnormal oscillatory activity and cognitive symptom severity, one could localize brain regions in a diseased but pre ‐atrophic state, which may be more amenable to interventions. In the current study, we evaluated the relationships among cognitive deficits, regional volumetric changes, and resting‐state magnetoencephalography abnormalities in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI;N = 10; age: 75.9 ± 7.3) or p...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 12, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Priyanka P. Shah ‐Basak,
Aneta Kielar,
Tiffany Deschamps,
Nicolaas Paul Verhoeff,
Regina Jokel,
Jed Meltzer Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Regional and network properties of white matter function in Parkinson's disease
In this study, the regional activity and functional connectivity of WM were compared between PD patients (n = 57) and matched healthy controls (n = 52), based on multimodel magnetic resonance imaging data sets. By tract‐based spatial statistical analyses of regional activity, patients showed decreased structural‐functional coupling in the left corticospinal tract compared to controls. This tr act also displayed abnormally increased functional connectivity within the left post‐central gyrus and left putamen in PD patients. At the network level, the WM functional network showed small‐worldness in both contro...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 10, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Gong ‐Jun Ji,
Cuiping Ren,
Ying Li,
Jinmei Sun,
Tingting Liu,
Yaxiang Gao,
Dongzhang Xue,
Longshan Shen,
Wen Cheng,
Chunyan Zhu,
Yanghua Tian,
Panpan Hu,
Xianwen Chen,
Kai Wang Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Proactive and reactive cognitive control rely on flexible use of the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
AbstractThe role of ventral versus dorsolateral prefrontal regions in instantiating proactive and reactive cognitive control remains actively debated, with few studies parsing cue versus probe ‐related activity. Rapid sampling (460 ms), long cue–probe delays, and advanced analytic techniques (deconvolution) were therefore used to quantify the magnitude and variability of neural responses during the AX Continuous Performance Test (AX‐CPT;N = 46) in humans. Behavioral results indicated slower reaction times during reactive cognitive control (AY trials) in conjunction with decreased accuracy and increased variabil...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 8, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Sephira G. Ryman,
Ansam A. El Shaikh,
Nicholas A. Shaff,
Faith M. Hanlon,
Andrew B. Dodd,
Christopher J. Wertz,
Josef M. Ling,
Deanna M. Barch,
Shannon F. Stromberg,
Denise S. Lin,
Swala Abrams,
Andrew R. Mayer Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Evaluation of different cerebrospinal fluid and white matter fMRI filtering strategies —Quantifying noise removal and neural signal preservation
This study examines the impact of using different cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and white matter (WM) nuisance signals for data ‐driven filtering of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data as a cleanup method before analyzing intrinsic brain fluctuations. The routinely used temporal signal‐to‐noise ratio metric is inappropriate for assessing fMRI filtering suitability, as it evaluates only the reduction of da ta variability and does not assess the preservation of signals of interest. We defined a new metric that evaluates the preservation of selected neural signal correlates, and we compared its performance wit...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 7, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Marek Barto ň,
Radek Mareček,
Lenka Krajčovičová,
Tomáš Slavíček,
Tomáš Kašpárek,
Petra Zemánková,
Pavel Říha,
Michal Mikl Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cover Image
COVER ILLUSTRATION Using our approach, the macro ‐vasculature (>1mm) can be non ‐invasively extracted from 3T time‐of‐flight angiography (ToF) and susceptibility weighting imaging (SWI). Here, the arteries (red) and veins (blue) were extracted from a single participant: the resulting image is composed of both 3D‐extracted left‐hemisphere veins, right‐hemisphere arte ries overlaid on the contours of their corresponding anatomical T1‐MRI image. Visualisation was performed using MRIcroGL, while the composition was done using photoshop. (Source: Human Brain Mapping)
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 5, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Micha ël Bernier,
Stephen C. Cunnane,
Kevin Whittingstall Tags: COVER IMAGE Source Type: research
Editorial board ‐ TOC
Human Brain Mapping, Volume 39, Issue 12, Page 4637-4642, December 2018. (Source: Human Brain Mapping)
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 5, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Does the insula contribute to emotion ‐related distortion of time? A neuropsychological approach
Human Brain Mapping, EarlyView. (Source: Human Brain Mapping)
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 2, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Nathalie Mella,
Alexia Bourgeois,
Fabienne Perren,
Aur élien Viaccoz,
Matthias Kliegel,
Fabienne Picard Source Type: research
Attention to number: The convergence of numerical magnitude processing, attention, and mathematics in the inferior frontal gyrus
Human Brain Mapping, EarlyView. (Source: Human Brain Mapping)
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 2, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Eric D. Wilkey,
Gavin R. Price Source Type: research
Specialized neural dynamics for verbal and tonal memory: fMRI evidence in congenital amusia
Human Brain Mapping, EarlyView. (Source: Human Brain Mapping)
Source: Human Brain Mapping - November 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Philippe Albouy,
Isabelle Peretz,
Patrick Bermudez,
Robert J. Zatorre,
Barbara Tillmann,
Anne Caclin Source Type: research
