Comparing global alcohol and tobacco control efforts: network formation and evolution in international health governance
Smoking and drinking constitute two risk factors contributing to the rising burden of non-communicable diseases in low- and middle-income countries. Both issues have gained increased international attention, but tobacco control has made more sustained progress in terms of international and domestic policy commitments, resources dedicated to reducing harm, and reduction of tobacco use in many high-income countries. The research presented here offers insights into why risk factors with comparable levels of harm experience different trajectories of global attention. The analysis focuses particular attention on the role of ded...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Gneiting, U., Schmitz, H. P. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
The global health network on alcohol control: successes and limits of evidence-based advocacy
This study investigates the role of a global health network, anchored by the Global Alcohol Policy Alliance (GAPA), which has used scientific evidence on harm and effective interventions to advocate for greater global public health efforts to reduce alcohol harm. The study uses process-tracing methodology and expert interviews to evaluate the accomplishments and limitations of this network. The study documents how network members have not only contributed to greater global awareness about alcohol harm, but also advanced a public health approach to addressing this issue at the global level. Although the current network repr...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Schmitz, H. P. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
From global agenda-setting to domestic implementation: successes and challenges of the global health network on tobacco control
This article analyses the role of the global health network of tobacco control advocates and scientists, which formed during the FCTC negotiations during the late 1990s, in translating countries’ commitment to the FCTC into domestic policy change. By comparing the network’s influence around two central tobacco control interventions (smoke-free environments and taxation), the study identifies several scope conditions, which have shaped the network’s effectiveness around the FCTC’s implementation: the complexity of the policy issue and the relative importance of non-health expertise, the required scop...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Gneiting, U. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
Network advocacy and the emergence of global attention to newborn survival
This study examines the factors behind these patterns of policy attention: the delayed emergence of attention, its sudden appearance in 2000, its growth thereafter, but the dearth of resources to date. Drawing on a framework on global health networks grounded in collective action theory, the study finds that a newborn survival network helped to shift perceptions about the problem’s severity and tractability, contributing to the rise of global attention. Its efforts were facilitated by pressure on governments to achieve the child survival Millennium Development Goal and by growing awareness that the neonatal period co...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Shiffman, J. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
Agenda setting for maternal survival: the power of global health networks and norms
Nearly 300 000 women—almost all poor women in low-income countries—died from pregnancy-related complications in 2010. This represents a decline since the 1980s, when an estimated half million women died each year, but is still far higher than the aims set in the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) at the turn of the century. The 1970s, 1980s and 1990s witnessed a shift from near complete neglect of the issue to emergence of a network of individuals and organizations with a shared concern for reducing maternal deaths and growth in the number of organizations and governments with maternal health st...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Smith, S. L., Rodriguez, M. A. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
Pneumonias second wind? A case study of the global health network for childhood pneumonia
This article traces the history of this network’s formation and evolution to identify lessons for other global health issues. Through document review and interviews with current, former and potential network members, this case study identifies five distinct eras of activity against childhood pneumonia: a period of isolation (post WWII to 1984), the duration of WHO’s Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI) Programme (1984–1995), Integrated Management of Childhood illness’s (IMCI) early years (1995–2003), a brief period of network re-emergence (2003–2008) and recent accelerating progress (2008 ...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Berlan, D. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
The challenge of sustaining effectiveness over time: the case of the global network to stop tuberculosis
This study seeks to address these gaps through the examination of the global network to stop tuberculosis (TB) and the factors influencing its effectiveness over time. Drawing from ~200 document sources and 16 interviews with key informants, we trace the development of the Global Partnership to Stop TB and its work over the past decade. We find that having a centralized core group and a strategic brand helped the network to coalesce around a primary intervention strategy, directly observed treatment short course. This strategy was created before the network was formalized, and helped bring in donors, ministries of health a...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Quissell, K., Walt, G. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
A framework on the emergence and effectiveness of global health networks
This article introduces a supplement on the emergence and effectiveness of global health networks. The supplement examines networks concerned with six global health problems: tuberculosis (TB), pneumonia, tobacco use, alcohol harm, maternal mortality and newborn deaths. This article presents a conceptual framework delineating factors that may shape why networks crystallize more easily surrounding some issues than others, and once formed, why some are better able than others to shape policy and public health outcomes. All supplement papers draw on this framework. The framework consists of 10 factors in three categories: (1)...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Shiffman, J., Quissell, K., Schmitz, H. P., Pelletier, D. L., Smith, S. L., Berlan, D., Gneiting, U., Van Slyke, D., Mergel, I., Rodriguez, M., Walt, G. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research
Networks and global health governance: Introductory editorial for Health Policy and Planning supplement on the Emergence and Effectiveness of Global Health Networks
(Source: Health Policy and Planning)
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 10, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Shiffman, J. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Resumenes en esta edicion
(Source: Health Policy and Planning)
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 6, 2016 Category: Health Management Tags: Spanish Abstracts Source Type: research
本期摘要
(Source: Health Policy and Planning)
Source: Health Policy and Planning - April 6, 2016 Category: Health Management Tags: Chinese Abstracts Source Type: research
Quality at the centre of universal health coverage
Abstract: The last decade of the MDG era witnessed substantial focus on reaching the bottom economic quintiles in low and middle income countries. However, the inordinate focus on reducing financial risk burden and increasing coverage without sufficient focus on expanding quality of services may account for slow progress of the MDGs in many countries. Human Resources for Health underlie quality and service delivery improvements, yet remains under-addressed in many national strategies to achieve Universal Health Coverage. Without adequate investments in improving and expanding health professional education, making and susta...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - March 23, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Sobel, H. L., Huntington, D., Temmerman, M. Tags: Commentary Source Type: research
An evaluation of the Essential Medicines List, Standard Treatment Guidelines and prescribing restrictions, as an integrated strategy to enhance quality, efficacy and safety of and improve access to essential medicines in Papua New Guinea
This study evaluated consistency between the PNG Adult STGs (2003 and 2012) and those for children (2005 and 2011) with respect to the MDCs (2002, 2012) for six chronic and/or acute diseases: asthma, arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, pneumonia and psychosis. Additionally, the potential impact of prescriber level restrictions on rational medicines use for patient’s living in rural areas, where no medical officer is present, was evaluated. Almost all drugs included in the STGs for each disease state evaluated were listed in the MDCs. However, significant discrepancies occurred between the recommended treatments in the...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - March 23, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Joshua, I. B., Passmore, P. R., Sunderland, B. V. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Taking knowledge users knowledge needs into account in health: an evidence synthesis framework
The increased demand for evidence-based practice in health policy in recent years has provoked a parallel increase in diverse evidence-based outputs designed to translate knowledge from researchers to policy makers and practitioners. Such knowledge translation ideally creates user-friendly outputs, tailored to meet information needs in a particular context for a particular audience. Yet matching users’ knowledge needs to the most suitable output can be challenging. We have developed an evidence synthesis framework to help knowledge users, brokers, commissioners and producers decide which type of output offers the bes...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - March 23, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Wickremasinghe, D., Kuruvilla, S., Mays, N., Avan, B. I. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research
Universal Health Coverages evolving location in the post-2015 development agenda: Key informant perspectives within multilateral and related agencies during the first phase of post-2015 negotiations
In 2001, technocrats from four multilateral organizations selected the Millennium Development Goals mainly from the previous decade of United Nations (UN) summits and conferences. Few accounts are available of that significant yet cloistered synthesis process: none contemporaneous. In contrast, this study examines health’s evolving location in the first-phase of the next iteration of global development goal negotiation for the post-2015 era, through the synchronous perspectives of representatives of key multilateral and related organizations. As part of the Go4Health Project, in-depth interviews were conducted in mid...
Source: Health Policy and Planning - March 23, 2016 Category: Health Management Authors: Brolan, C. E., Hill, P. S. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
