Erratum to: Learning from brain control: clinical application of brain–computer interfaces
(Source: e-Neuroforum)
Source: e-Neuroforum - November 17, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
GABAA receptor subtypes: structural variety raises hope for new therapy concepts
AbstractGABAA receptors are ligand-gated chloride ion channels composed of five subunits that can be opened by GABA, and modulated by multiple drugs, some of utmost clinical importance. GABAA receptors occur in the nervous system as well as in peripheral tissues where their function is largely unknown. The existence of multiple GABAA receptor subtypes with distinct subunit composition leads to multiple homologous binding sites with different degrees of similarity. Crystal structures of proteins homologous to GABAA receptors and of a GABAA receptor subtype, combined with homology modeling studies, have provided insights int...
Source: e-Neuroforum - November 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neuronal control of walking: studies on insects
AbstractThe control of walking in insects is to a substantial amount a function of neuronal networks in the thoracic ganglia. While descending signals from head ganglia provide general commands such as for walking direction and velocity, it is the thoracic central nervous system that controls movements of individual joints and legs. The coordination pattern of legs is velocity dependent. However, a clear stereotypic coordination pattern appears only at high velocities. In accordance with the unit burst oscillator concept, oscillatory networks (central pattern generators (CPGs)) interlocked with movement and load sensors co...
Source: e-Neuroforum - November 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Learning from brain control: clinical application of brain –computer interfaces
In conclusion, clinical application of brain machine interfaces in well-defined and circumscribed neurological disorders have demonstrated surprisingly positive effects. The application of BCIs to psychiatric and clinical–psychological problems, however, at present did not result in substantial improvement of complex behavioral disord ers. (Source: e-Neuroforum)
Source: e-Neuroforum - November 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
GABA A receptor subtypes: structural variety raises hope for new therapy concepts
AbstractGABAA receptors are ligand-gated chloride ion channels composed of five subunits that can be opened by GABA, and modulated by multiple drugs, some of utmost clinical importance. GABAA receptors occur in the nervous system as well as in peripheral tissues where their function is largely unknown. The existence of multiple GABAA receptor subtypes with distinct subunit composition leads to multiple homologous binding sites with different degrees of similarity. Crystal structures of proteins homologous to GABAA receptors and of a GABAA receptor subtype, combined with homology modeling studies, have provided insights int...
Source: e-Neuroforum - November 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Erratum to: Learning from brain control: clinical application of brain –computer interfaces
(Source: e-Neuroforum)
Source: e-Neuroforum - November 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Learning from brain control: clinical application of brain –computer interfaces
In conclusion, clinical application of brain machine interfaces in well-defined and circumscribed neurological disorders have demonstrated surprisingly positive effects. The application of BCIs to psychiatric and clinical–psychological problems, however, at present did not result in substantial improvement of complex behavioral disord ers. < /p > (Source: e-Neuroforum)
Source: e-Neuroforum - October 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Erratum to: Learning from brain control: clinical application of brain –computer interfaces
(Source: e-Neuroforum)
Source: e-Neuroforum - October 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neuronal control of walking: studies on insects
Abstract
The control of walking in insects is to a substantial amount a function of neuronal networks in the thoracic ganglia. While descending signals from head ganglia provide general commands such as for walking direction and velocity, it is the thoracic central nervous system that controls movements of individual joints and legs. The coordination pattern of legs is velocity dependent. However, a clear stereotypic coordination pattern appears only at high velocities. In accordance with the unit burst oscillator concept, oscillatory networks (central pattern generators (CPGs)) interlocked with movement ...
Source: e-Neuroforum - October 19, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Learning from brain control: clinical application of brain–computer interfaces
In conclusion, clinical application of brain machine interfaces in well-defined and circumscribed neurological disorders have demonstrated surprisingly positive effects. The application of BCIs to psychiatric and clinical–psychological problems, however, at present did not result in substantial improvement of complex behavioral disorders. (Source: e-Neuroforum)
Source: e-Neuroforum - October 6, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
GABA A receptor subtypes: structural variety raises hope for new therapy concepts
Abstract
GABAA receptors are ligand-gated chloride ion channels composed of five subunits that can be opened by GABA, and modulated by multiple drugs, some of utmost clinical importance. GABAA receptors occur in the nervous system as well as in peripheral tissues where their function is largely unknown. The existence of multiple GABAA receptor subtypes with distinct subunit composition leads to multiple homologous binding sites with different degrees of similarity. Crystal structures of proteins homologous to GABAA receptors and of a GABAA receptor subtype, combined with homology modeling studies, have pr...
Source: e-Neuroforum - October 6, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Oligodendroglial heterogeneity in time and space (NG2 glia in the CNS)
AbstractNG2 glia represent a neural cell population that expresses the proteoglycan NG2 and is distinct from other cell types of the central nervous system. While they generate oligodendrocytes and a subset of astrocytes during development, their progeny in the adult brain solely consists of oligodendrocytes and further NG2 glia. In the last years, it has become clear that NG2 glia represent a heterogeneous population of cells with different properties and potential. In this review we will first discuss the similarities and differences between NG2 glia of the developing and adult CNS, before we will describe the regulatory...
Source: e-Neuroforum - September 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Funding of a glial research program in Japan: the glial assembly project
(Source: e-Neuroforum)
Source: e-Neuroforum - September 1, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Diversity of synaptic astrocyte –neuron signaling
< h3 class= " a-plus-plus " > Abstract < /h3 > < p class= " a-plus-plus " > Fast signal exchange between neurons and astrocytes at the synaptic level has attracted considerable attention. Astrocytes often respond with Ca < sup class= " a-plus-plus " > 2+ < /sup > transients to widely different neuronal synaptic activity. At the same time, astrocyte Ca < sup class= " a-plus-plus " > 2+ < /sup > elevations trigger profound and diverse changes of both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission. Here, we briefly review examples of the heterogeneity of Ca < sup class= " a-plus-plus " > 2+ < /sup > -dependent astrocyte â€...
Source: e-Neuroforum - August 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neuron –glia synapses in the brain: properties, diversity and functions of NG2 glia
< h3 class= " a-plus-plus " > Abstract < /h3 > < p class= " a-plus-plus " > Although NG2 glial cells represent a frequent glial cell type in the brain, characterized by expression of the NG2 proteoglycan, the functional impact of these cells is still enigmatic. A large proportion of NG2 glia are proliferatively active throughout life. These cells express a plethora of ion channels and transmitter receptors, which enable them to detect neuronal activity. Intriguingly, NG2 glial cells receive synaptic input from glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. Since these postsynaptic glial currents are very small, their spatial and tem...
Source: e-Neuroforum - August 31, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research
