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Trauma Care for Children in the Field
Emergency medical care for children has evolved immensely over the past 30 years. During this period, much has been accomplished to improve the quality of care delivered to injured children in the United States. In this article, we will highlight specific examples of how trauma care of children has changed and improved in recent decades. Beginning with the importance of injury prevention, the article will also discuss the specific management of traumatic brain injury, blast injury, and field triage of mass casualty situations before concluding with highlights of other changes and advances that have occurred. (Source: Clini...
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Lorin R. Browne, Grant E. Keeney, Christopher D. Spahr, E. Brooke Lerner, Shireen M. Atabaki, Patrick Drayna, Arthur Cooper Source Type: research

Evidence and Controversies in Pediatric Prehospital Airway Management
Thirty years after the formation of the Emergency Medical Services for Children program, prehospital pediatric airway management remains a high priority area for research. This review discusses the existing pediatric evidence base and explores current controversies regarding prehospital airway maneuvers and endotracheal intubation, airway adjuvant devices and rapid sequence and drug facilitated intubation. (Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jennifer Anders, Kathleen Brown, Joelle Simpson, Marianne Gausche-Hill Source Type: research

Pediatric Patient Safety in Emergency Medical Services
This article reviews the issues and literature around pediatric patient safety within the emergency medical services system, including patient restraint and safe transport, the assessment and protection of the pediatric cervical spine, and prehospital medication errors. (Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Garth Meckler, Julie Leonard, John Hoyle Source Type: research

Prehospital Provider Scope of Practice and Implications for Pediatric Prehospital Care
This article will focus on describing the different levels of EMS providers, their scope of practice, and training requirements. We will also describe the issues and challenges with regard to maintaining competency in the care of children, given the infrequent contact many prehospital providers may have with this patient population. Finally, we will describe new advances and controversies in prehospital provider scope of practice including paramedic specialization and community paramedicine. (Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Katherine Remick, Sean Caffrey, Kathleen Adelgais Source Type: research

The Little Program That Could: Saving Emergency Medical Services for Children
The experience of the federal Emergency Medical Services for Children program over the past 30 years illustrates many of the challenges facing those who advocate for programs that serve special populations or targeted purposes. Even programs that are well run and successful may find themselves targeted for budget cuts or elimination if they do not have committed champions, a readily identifiable constituency, and a range of resources at their disposal. The long campaign to preserve the Emergency Medical Services for Children program has yielded valuable lessons for advocates working at any level of government. (Source: Cli...
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Cynthia Pellegrini, Steven E. Krug, Joseph L. Wright Source Type: research

Across Generations: An Appreciation for 30 Years of Dedication to Emergency Medical Services for Children
Jim Seidel, Alex Haller, Martha Bushore, Peter Holbrook, and Bob Wiebe are names that will go down in history for their recognition of the significant gaps in prehospital and emergency care for children. To those of us in the later stages of our career, these individuals were friends and mentors. Their efforts, combined with advocacy by key stakeholder organizations, and the presence of champions in Congress, including Senators Daniel Inouye, Orrin Hatch and Lowell Weicker, laid the groundwork necessary for the passage of legislation funding the federal Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMS for Children) program tha...
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: George Foltin, Kathleen Adelgais, Amyna Husain Tags: Guest Editors' Preface Source Type: research

Editorial Board
(Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Table of Contents
(Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - March 1, 2014 Category: Emergency Medicine Source Type: research

Using Casts, Splints, and Braces in the Emergency Department
This article will review the common uses of casts, splints, and braces in the emergency department. Different types of products, indications for their use, and other general considerations like fitting and cleaning will be discussed. (Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - December 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Katherine Rizzone, Andrew Gregory Source Type: research

Nontraumatic Sports Injuries to the Lower Extremity
This article describes the pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prevention of lower extremity overuse injuries in the skeletally mature and immature athlete. (Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - December 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Jane P. Sando, Teri M. McCambridge Source Type: research

Upper Extremity Overuse Injuries
Child and adolescent participation in organized and recreational sports has steadily increased over the past few decades. With this increase in participation, there has been a concomitant increase in sports-related injuries, especially overuse injuries related to repetitive movements. Pediatric patients are uniquely susceptible to overuse injuries that affect areas of bone growth. For example, medial epicondyle apophysitis (Little League elbow), osteochondritis dissecans of the capitellum, proximal humeral epiphysitis (Little League shoulder), and radial epiphysitis (gymnast's wrist) are upper extremity overuse injuries th...
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - December 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Sarah B. Kinsella, Rebecca L. Carl Source Type: research

Acute Sports-Related Lower Extremity Injuries
This article will describe the evaluation and management of acute, sports-related, lower extremity injuries, including review of frequently injured anatomical structures, physical examination techniques, indications for imaging, initial treatment, and guidelines for follow-up and return to sport. (Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine)
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - December 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Brian Hang Source Type: research

Acute Upper Extremity Injuries in Young Athletes
Acute upper extremity injuries are common in child and adolescent athletes as a result of sports participation, particularly collision and contact sports. In addition, skeletally immature athletes can sustain unique injuries that must be differentiated from those sustained by skeletally mature athletes. Emergency care providers must be aware of these acute injuries to properly evaluate and manage them. This review describes current strategies for the evaluation and treatment of acute common sports injuries in addition to less common but more problematic sports injuries to the upper extremity of youth athletes. Common injur...
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - December 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Alison Brooks, Erin Hammer Source Type: research

Syncope and Sudden Cardiac Death in the Pediatric Athlete
Syncope and sudden cardiac death can occur in young athletes. Although commonly due to a noncardiac cause, syncope can be the harbinger of a more serious cardiac issue, especially if occurring around physical activity. Proper evaluation including a focused personal and family history followed by a physical examination and appropriate testing is warranted in all pediatric cases of syncope. Knowledge regarding common cardiac causes associated with sudden cardiac death is very important to both primary care and emergency care providers. Knowledge regarding preparticipation cardiac screening tools (including the electrocardiog...
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - December 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Rebecca A. Demorest Source Type: research

Exertional Heat Stroke: Strategies for Prevention and Treatment From the Sports Field to the Emergency Department
Exertional heat illness is a category of conditions commonly seen during sports participation in the hot summer months. Exertional heat stroke, in particular, is a dangerous condition involving hyperthermia and central nervous system dysfunction, which, if not properly treated, is potentially deadly. All on-site medical personnel, emergency physicians, and coaches involved in sports participation need to be aware of the recognition and treatment of heat illnesses. Emergency physicians must be equally aware of recognition, treatment, and return-to-play decisions to ensure athletes are quickly and effectively treated and ret...
Source: Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine - December 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Riana R. Pryor, Douglas J. Casa, Jolie C. Holschen, Francis G. O'Connor, Lesley W. Vandermark Source Type: research