Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target for obesity and metabolic diseases.
Authors: Cao Y
Abstract
White adipose tissue constantly experiences expansion and shrinkage during the entire adulthood, depending on the metabolic status of the host. Emerging evidence demonstrates that the plasticity of white adipose tissue is tightly controlled by the adipose vasculature, which may grow or regress to coordinate adipose tissue metabolism. In metabolically active brown adipose tissue, an exceedingly high density of blood vessels may perfuse oxygen for energy consumption. Consequently, modulation of vascular density and functions in both white adipose tissue and brown adipose tissue may of...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Angiogenesis in multiple myeloma.
Authors: Vacca A, Ria R, Reale A, Ribatti D
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a constant hallmark of multiple myeloma progression and has prognostic potential. Multiple myeloma cells interact with surrounding host cells and extracellular matrix, this crosstalk affecting the most important aspects of the malignant phenotype, both at primary and secondary tumor sites. The pathophysiology of multiple myeloma-induced angiogenesis involves both direct production of angiogenic cytokines by plasma cells and their induction within the bone marrow microenvironment cells. A direct involvement of bone marrow macrophages and m...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Angiogenesis inhibitors in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Authors: Adesunloye BA, Karzai FH, Dahut WL
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the United States and is the second most common cause of death. While treatment options in early stage disease are curative in intent, treatment of metastatic prostate cancer remains challenging. Although, several new and promising treatment options exploiting novel targets have permeated the therapeutic landscape in recent years, another viable target for therapy is tumor angiogenesis. Many antiangiogenic agents are under development and some are currently under investigation in clinical trials.
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Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Therapeutic perspectives in vascular remodeling in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: Olivieri D, Chetta A
Abstract
In chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), changes in bronchial microvasculature are present and contribute to airway wall remodeling. Angiogenesis and vascular leak seem to be prevalent in asthma, while vasodilatation and vascular leak seem to be prevalent in COPD. The functional meaning of bronchial vascular remodeling is not completely known. The increase in vessel number and size as well as the vascular leakage may concur to the thickening of the airway wall and to the narrowing of the bronchial lumen. ...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis and clinical implications. Preface.
Authors: Marone G, Granata F
PMID: 24217613 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy)
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
History of allergy in antiquity.
Authors: Ring J
Abstract
Allergic diseases are not new. They have been described in the early medical literature in various cultures like Egypt, China, indigenous America and in the Greco-Roman tradition. The terms 'idiosyncrasy', 'asthma' and 'eczema' are still in use today. The most famous allergic individual of antiquity with the whole triad of atopic diseases and a positive family history of atopy probably was Emperor Octavianus Augustus.
PMID: 24925379 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy)
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
History of allergy in the middle ages and renaissance.
Authors: Ring J
Abstract
In the Middle Ages little innovative medical literature came from Western Europe. The Greek-Roman tradition with the scriptures of Hippocrates and Galenos was preserved in Byzantium and then in the Middle East by Arabic medicine; it then returned to Europe in Latin translations mostly made in Italy and Spain. There were innovative developments in Arabic medicine also with regard to the history of allergy, especially with the first description of 'rose fever', which is described as very similar in symptomatology to hay fever. Under Arabic influence, the first medical university in S...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Landmarks in Allergy during the 19th Century.
Authors: Kay AB
Abstract
There were remarkable achievements in the 19th century in our understanding of the cells of the allergic response, the clear descriptions of hay fever and asthma, as well as the role of pollen in seasonal rhinitis. Although allergy as a concept was not developed until well into the 20th century, the foundations of our present understanding of these diseases were laid in the 1800s. The outstanding physicians and scientists of this time included Paul Ehrlich (who described mast cells, eosinophils and basophils), John Bostock (who provided the first detailed account of hay fever), Cha...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Milestones in the 20th century.
Authors: Bergmann KC
Abstract
From its very beginning, the 20th century represented the period of the main breakthrough for allergology as a clinical and scientific entity. The first years of this period were extraordinarily exciting because of the discovery of the anaphylactic reaction in 1902 and its clinical diagnosis as 'local anaphylaxis', 'serum sickness' (1903) or even as 'anaphylactic shock' (1907). The term 'allergy' was coined in 1906 and led to the recognition of allergic diseases as a pathogenetic entity. The first patient organization of hay fever sufferers was founded in Germany in 1900, the ...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Terminology of allergic phenomena.
Authors: Ring J
Abstract
Over the last 2,000 years a variety of terms have been used for the description of phenomena possibly related to allergy. Many have been forgotten, while some of them have remained. In Greco-Roman literature the term 'idiosyncrasy' was used to describe an individual characterization of a health condition, possibly comparable to 'constitution'. The same term was also used to describe individual reaction patterns, and the term 'antipathy' was used in a similar sense. 'Hypersensitivity' originated from the German word 'Überempfindlichkeit' and was first used in a medical sense by Emi...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Anaphylaxis.
Authors: Ring J, Grosber M, Brockow K, Bergmann KC
Abstract
The term anaphylaxis was coined by Charles Richet and Paul Portier when they tried to immunize dogs with actinia extracts, but after a repeated injection of a small amount of the toxin the dog died within 25 min. The new term rapidly spread all over the world. The discovery of the phenomenon of anaphylaxis showed that by immunization not only protection but also harmful events could be induced. For this discovery Richet received the Nobel Prize in 1913, but he still believed the condition of anaphylaxis was a lack of protection to the poisonous ef...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Allergic rhinitis.
Authors: Mygind N
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis is a very frequent disease with a prevalence of 15-20%. Symptoms are most pronounced in young people while, for some unknown reason, the elderly become clinically hyposensitized. Pollen is the cause of seasonal allergic rhinitis, and house dust mite and animals are the main causes of perennial allergic rhinitis. Histamine is the main cause of sneezing and hypersecretion, while other mediators probably also play a role in nasal blockage. In polyposis, a local denervation is an important cause of vascular leakage, edema and polyp formation. Antihistamines have a p...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Asthma.
Authors: Bergmann KC
Abstract
'Asthma' is derived from the Greek root ασθμαινω, meaning 'gasp for breath'. The term originally did not define a disease, but was employed to describe respiratory symptoms of a variety of pulmonary conditions. Over the centuries, several models have been proposed to understand the pathophysiologic abnormalities of asthma. By the beginning of the 20th century, asthma was seen to be a unique illness characterized by 'spasmodic afflictions of the bronchial tubes'. Consistent with the nature of asthma as a complex disease, the models for asthma pathogenesis have become in...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Atopic dermatitis/atopic eczema.
Authors: Wallach D, Taïeb A
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis was described in 1933 but exists since antiquity. We review descriptions of a childhood skin disease compatible with our modern diagnosis of atopic dermatitis, in ancient medicine and in nineteenth century dermatology texts. We identify Hebra's prurigo and Besnier's diathetic prurigo as forerunners of atopic dermatitis, the latter being a synthesis of infantile eczema and prurigo. The pathogenic theories which link atopic dermatitis to humoralistic medicine, to digestive diseases, to allergy may have had consequences on today's reluctance to consider ...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
Allergic contact dermatitis.
Authors: Alikhan A, Maibach HI
Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis is one of the most important dermatologic disorders worldwide - it can cause significant morbidity and decreased quality of life, as well as having major economic implications and loss of vocational productivity. Patch testing is the most important discovery in allergic contact dermatitis and the best diagnostic modality to date; the thin-layer rapid- use epicutaneous (TRUE) test is a more recent patch test development which has improved the convenience and feasibility of the test. The future of allergic contact dermatitis is bright as we ...
Source: Chemical Immunology and Allergy - December 2, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Chem Immunol Allergy Source Type: research
