Comparative survey of go/no-go results to identify the inhibitory control ability change of Japanese children
This research, conducted in 1998 and 2008, uses go/no-go data to investigate the fundamentals of cognitive functioning in the inhibitory control ability of Japanese children. 844 subjects from kindergarten to junior high school participated in go/no-go task experiments. Performance of go/no-go tasks, which are frequently used to investigate response inhibition, measures a variety of cognitive components besides response inhibition. With normal brain development, the ability to inhibit responses improves substantially in adolescence. An increase over time in the error rate during the go/no-go tasks of subjects of the same a...
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - July 11, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Koji TerasawaHisaaki TabuchiHiroki YanagisawaAkitaka YanagisawaKikunori ShinoharaSaiki TerasawaOsamitsu SaijoTakeo Masaki Source Type: research
Modeling students¿ instrumental (mis-) use of substances to enhance cognitive performance: Neuroenhancement in the light of job demands-resources theory
Background:
Healthy university students have been shown to use psychoactive substances, expecting them to be functional means for enhancing their cognitive capacity, sometimes over and above an essentially proficient level. This behavior called Neuroenhancement (NE) has not yet been integrated into a behavioral theory that is able to predict performance. Job Demands Resources (JD-R) Theory for example assumes that strain (e.g. burnout) will occur and influence performance when job demands are high and job resources are limited at the same time. The aim of this study is to investigate whether or not university students’ s...
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - May 26, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Wanja WolffRalf BrandFranz BaumgartenJohanna LöselMatthias Ziegler Source Type: research
Gastrointestinal specific anxiety in irritable bowel syndrome: validation of the Japanese version of the visceral sensitivity index for university students
Conclusion:
These findings suggest that the VSI-J is a reliable and valid measure of visceral sensitivity. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - March 21, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tatsuo SaigoJun TayamaToyohiro HamaguchiNaoki NakayaTadaaki TomiiePeter BernickMotoyori KanazawaJennifer LabusBruce NaliboffSusumu ShirabeShin Fukudo Source Type: research
High correlation between salivary cortisol awakening response and the psychometric profiles of healthy children
Conclusions:
Salivary CAR was associated with various mood states of healthy female children but diurnal salivary cortisol AUC was not. Salivary CAR may be a biomarker of the physical and mental condition of healthy female children. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - March 14, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ikuhiko ShibuyaShinichiro NagamitsuHisayoshi OkamuraShuichi OzonoHiromi ChibaTakashi OhyaYushiro YamashitaToyojiro Matsuishi Source Type: research
Acupuncture and moxibustion for stress-related disorders
Acupuncture and moxibustion, which medical doctors are licensed by the government of Japan to perform, can improve the psychological relationship between doctors and patients, especially when it is disturbed by a "game", a dysfunctional interpersonal interaction that is repeated unintentionally. This advantage is due to the essential properties of acupuncture and moxibustion. Acupuncture and moxibustion are helpful in treating somatoform disorders, especially musculoskeletal symptoms. In Japan, a holistic acupuncture and moxibustion therapy called Sawada-style has been developed. This is based on fundamental meridian point...
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - January 24, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tetsuya KondoMasazumi Kawamoto Source Type: research
Effects of Kampo on functional gastrointestinal disorders
This article reviews the effectiveness of Kampo (traditional Japanese herbal medicine) in the treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders, especially functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The results of four randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) suggested the usefulness of rikkunshito in relieving the subjective symptoms of patients with FD. Rikkunshito significantly improved not only gastric symptoms, such as epigastiric discomfort, but also extra-gastric symptoms, such as general fatigue, when compared with control drugs. The therapeutic effects of rikkunshito were more evident when it was p...
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - January 21, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Takakazu OkaHirokuni OkumiShinji NishidaTakashi ItoShinichi MorikiyoYoko KimuraMasato Murakami Source Type: research
Acupuncture therapy: mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety: a potential intervention for psychogenic disorders?
Scientific bases for the mechanism of action of acupuncture in the treatment of pain and the pathogenic mechanism of acupuncture points are briefly summarized. The efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy is discussed based on the results of German clinical trials. A conclusion on the role for acupuncture in the treatment of psychogenic disorders could not be reached. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - January 20, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kenji KawakitaKaoru Okada Source Type: research
Effect of 12 weeks of yoga training on the somatization, psychological symptoms, and stress-related biomarkers of healthy women
Conclusions:
Yoga training has the potential to reduce the somatization score and the scores related to mental health indicators, such as anxiety, depression, anger, and fatigue. The present findings suggest that yoga can improve somatization and mental health status and has implications for the prevention of psychosomatic symptoms in healthy women.Trial registration: University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN CTR) UMIN000007868. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - January 3, 2014 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kazufumi YoshiharaTetsuya HiramotoTakakazu OkaChiharu KuboNobuyuki Sudo Source Type: research
The role of perceived well-being in the family, school and peer context in adolescents¿ subjective health complaints: evidence from a Greek cross-sectional study
Conclusions:
Our study delineated the unique and cumulative contributions of adolescents’ perceived well-being in the family, school and peer setting in the explanation of Subjective Health Complaints. Apart from families, schools, teachers and peers appear to have a salient role in adolescent psychosomatic adjustment. A thorough understanding of the relationship between adolescents’ Subjective Health Complaints and perceived well-being in their social contexts could not only lead to more effective tailored initiatives, but also to promote a multi- and inter-disciplinary culture in adolescent psychosomatic health. (Sou...
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - November 28, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dimitra PetanidouEvangelie DaskagianniChristine DimitrakakiGerasimos KolaitisYannis Tountas Source Type: research
Spiritual and religious beliefs: do they matter in the medication adherence behaviour of hypertensive patients?
Conclusion:
Our study suggests that while spirituality/ religiosity was dominant among hypertensive patients, these spiritual attachments of patients with a supreme being potentially increased their trust in the expectation of divine healing instead of adhering adequately with their anti-hypertensive medications. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - October 18, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Irene KretchyFrances Owusu-DaakuSamuel Danquah Source Type: research
TEACCH-based group social skills training for children with high-functioning autism: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Conclusion:
We have standardized the TEACCH program, confirmed the feasibility of a future trial, and successfully estimated the positive effect size. These findings will contribute to a larger trial in the future and to forthcoming systematic reviews with meta-analyses.Trial registration: UMIN000004560. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - October 1, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kayoko IchikawaYoshimitsu TakahashiMasahiko AndoTokie AnmeTatsuro IshizakiHinako YamaguchiTakeo Nakayama Source Type: research
Family issues and family functioning of Japanese outpatients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study
Conclusions:
Family issues were common among patients with type 2 diabetes, and. the extremes of family cohesion were associated with the glucose level, in contrast to the common wisdom that a well balanced family leads to good control of diabetes. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - June 25, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Hiroaki TakenakaJuichi SatoTomio SuzukiNobutaro Ban Source Type: research
Changes in P300 following alternate nostril yoga breathing and breath awareness
This study assessed the effect of alternate nostril yoga breathing (nadisuddhi pranayama) on P300 auditory evoked potentials compared to a session of breath awareness of equal duration, in 20 male adult volunteers who had an experience of yoga breathing practices for more than three months. Peak amplitudes and peak latencies of the P300 were assessed before and after the respective sessions. There was a significant increase in the P300 peak amplitudes at Fz, Cz, and Pz and a significant decrease in the peak latency at Fz alone following alternate nostril yoga breathing. Following breath awareness there was a significant in...
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - May 31, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shirley TellesNilkamal SinghRaghuraj Puthige Source Type: research
Does lavender aromatherapy alleviate premenstrual emotional symptoms?: a randomized crossover trial
Conclusions:
The present study indicated that lavender aromatherapy as a potential therapeutic modality could alleviate premenstrual emotional symptoms, which, at least in part, is attributable to the improvement of parasympathetic nervous system activity. This study further implies that HRV could evaluate the efficacy of aromatherapy using various fragrances to relieve premenstrual symptoms, and ultimately, support the mind and body health of women. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - May 31, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tamaki MatsumotoHiroyuki AsakuraTatsuya Hayashi Source Type: research
Prolonged post-hyperventilation apnea in two young adults with hyperventilation syndrome
Conclusion:
These cases show that some patients with HVS develop prolonged PHA or severe hypoxia, which has been shown to lead to death in some cases. Proper treatment must be given to patients with HVS who develop PHA to protect against this possibility. If prolonged PHA or severe hypoxemia arises, respiratory assistance using a bag mask must be done immediately. (Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine)
Source: BioPsychiSocial Medicine - April 17, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Takao MunemotoAkinori MasudaNobuatsu NagaiMuneki TanakaSoejima Yuji Source Type: research
