Predicting aggression in adolescence: The interrelation between (a lack of) empathy and social goals
In an attempt to explain the inconsistent findings and overall weak relation between empathy and aggression, we focused on the role of emotional empathy (emotions of concern, compassion or sympathy toward a (potential) victim), agentic goals (the desire to be dominant during social interaction with peers) and their interplay (mediation or moderation) in the prediction of proactive aggression (learned instrumental behavior) in adolescence. Data were collected from 550 young Dutch adolescents, who filled out multiple questionnaires. Findings showed that the link between a lack of empathic concern and proactive aggression is ...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 13, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Babette C. M. van Hazebroek, Tjeert Olthof, Frits A. Goossens Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Helping and hurting others: Person and situation effects on aggressive and prosocial behavior as assessed by the Tangram task
The Tangram Help/Hurt Task is a laboratory‐based measure designed to simultaneously assess helpful and hurtful behavior. Across five studies we provide evidence that further establishes the convergent and discriminant validity of the Tangram Help/Hurt Task. Cross‐sectional and meta‐analytic evidence finds consistently significant associations between helpful and hurtful scores on the Tangram Task and prosocial and aggressive personality traits. Experimental evidence reveals that situational primes known to induce aggressive and prosocial behavior significantly influence helpful and hurtful scores on the Tangram Help/...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 13, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Muniba Saleem, Christopher P. Barlett, Craig A. Anderson, Ian Hawkins Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
What is past is prologue: A population ‐based case‐control study of repeat victimization, premature mortality, and homicide
We examined risk of male premature mortality associated with recent criminal victimization. Prior victimization is among the most consistent predictors of future risk but the explanation of repeat victimization remains elusive. Two general perspectives frame this debate. According to the state‐dependence perspective, repeat victimization is forged through intervening processes connecting an initial with a subsequent violent victimization. According to the risk‐heterogeneity perspective, this association is spurious because all victimization events for a person result from underlying individual traits. Research on healt...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 13, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: William Alex Pridemore, Mark T. Berg Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Unanimous versus partial rejection: How the number of excluders influences the impact of ostracism in children
Previous research has shown that ostracism—the experience of being ignored and excluded—has negative effects on all of us, young and old. Using a Cyberball paradigm, the present research replicates the effects of ostracism on the moods (anger, anxiety, happiness, and anger) and fundamental needs (belongingness, control, meaningful existence, and self‐esteem) of children (Study 1) and then extends the literature by examining the role of the number of ostracizers and inclusive members in this process by randomly assigning children to conditions varying in degree of ostracism (Study 2). Results of both studies showed th...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 13, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Marlene J. Sandstrom, Marike H. F. Deutz, Tessa A. M. Lansu, Tirza H. J. van Noorden, Johan C. Karremans, Antonius H. N. Cillessen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Predicting aggression in adolescence: The interrelation between a lack of social goals
In an attempt to explain the inconsistent findings and overall weak relation between empathy and aggression, we focused on the role of emotional empathy (emotions of concern, compassion or sympathy toward a (potential) victim), agentic goals (the desire to be dominant during social interaction with peers) and their interplay (mediation or moderation) in the prediction of proactive aggression (learned instrumental behavior) in adolescence. Data were collected from 550 young Dutch adolescents, who filled out multiple questionnaires. Findings showed that the link between a lack of empathic concern and proactive aggression is ...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 13, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Babette C. M. van Hazebroek, Tjeert Olthof, Frits A. Goossens Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
An ERP study on hostile attribution bias in aggressive and nonaggressive individuals
Hostile attribution bias (e.g., tendency to interpret the intention of others as hostile in ambiguous social contexts) has been associated with impulsive aggression in adults, but the results are mixed and the complete sequence of hostile inferential processes leading to aggression has not been investigated yet. The goal of this event‐related brain potentials (ERPs) study was to track the neural activity associated with the violation of expectations about hostile versus nonhostile intentions in aggressive and nonaggressive individuals and examine how this neural activity relates to self‐reported hostile attributional b...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 13, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Jean Gagnon, Merc édès Aubin, Fannie Carrier Emond, Sophie Derguy, Alex Fernet Brochu, Monique Bessette, Pierre Jolicoeur Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Do the same risk and protective factors influence aggression toward partners and same ‐sex others?
The current studies examined whether several risk and protective factors operate similarly for intimate partner violence (IPV) and same‐sex aggression (SSA) in the same sample, and to assess whether they show similar associations for men and women. Study 1 (N = 345) tested perceived benefits and costs, and instrumental and expressive beliefs about aggression: perceived costs predicted IPV and SSA for both men and women. Expressive beliefs predicted IPV (more strongly for women), and instrumental beliefs predicted SSA. Study 2 (N = 395) investigated self‐control, anxiety and empathy, finding that self‐control ...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Elizabeth A. Bates, John Archer, Nicola Graham ‐Kevan Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Examining the reactive proactive questionnaire in adults in forensic and non ‐forensic settings: A variable‐ and person‐based approach
This study examines the reliability of the RPQ within an adult sample by investigating whether reactive and proactive aggression can be distinguished at a variable‐ and person‐based level. Male adults from forensic samples (N = 237) and from the general population (N = 278) completed the RPQ questionnaire. Variable‐based approaches, including factor analyses, were conducted to verify the two‐factor model of the RPQ and to examine alternative factor solutions of the 23 items. Subsequently, a person‐based approach, i.e., Latent Class Analysis (LCA), was executed to identify homogeneous classes of subjects w...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Suzanne Brugman, Liza J. M. Cornet, Danique Smeijers, Kirsten Smeets, Sanne Oostermeijer, Jan K. Buitelaar, Robbert ‐Jan Verkes, Jill Lobbestael, Catharina H. de Kogel, Lucres M. C. Jansen Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Predicting cyberbullying perpetration in emerging adults: A theoretical test of the Barlett Gentile Cyberbullying Model
The Barlett and Gentile Cyberbullying Model (BGCM) is a learning‐based theory that posits the importance of positive cyberbullying attitudes predicting subsequent cyberbullying perpetration. Furthermore, the tenants of the BGCM state that cyberbullying attitude are likely to form when the online aggressor believes that the online environment allows individuals of all physical sizes to harm others and they are perceived as anonymous. Past work has tested parts of the BGCM; no study has used longitudinal methods to examine this model fully. The current study (N = 161) employed a three‐wave longitudinal design to test...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - September 6, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Christopher Barlett, Kristina Chamberlin, Zachary Witkower Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
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Source: Aggressive Behavior - August 21, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Tags: Issue Information Source Type: research
Do beliefs about gender roles moderate the relationship between exposure to misogynistic song lyrics and men's female ‐directed aggression?
Although independent lines of research have identified misogynistic lyrical content and traditional gender role beliefs as reliable predictors of men's female‐directed aggression, more research is needed to understand the extent to which these variables may function in synthesis to potentiate aggression. In the current study, men (N = 193), who completed questionnaires relevant to their conformity to masculine norms and level of hostile and benevolent sexism, were exposed to either misogynistic or neutral lyrics before having the opportunity to shock an ostensible female confederate in a bogus reaction time task that...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - August 15, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Courtland S. Hyatt, Danielle S. Berke, Joshua D. Miller, Amos Zeichner Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Illuminating the dual ‐hormone hypothesis: About chronic dominance and the interaction of cortisol and testosterone
The dual‐hormone hypothesis suggests that testosterone is positively associated with status‐seeking tendencies such as aggression and dominance, particularly in individuals with low levels of cortisol. Although recent research supports the dual‐hormone hypothesis, its boundary conditions under which the dual‐hormone interaction is likely to emerge are not clearly understood. In the present study (N = 153), the dual‐hormone hypothesis was empirically tested in the context of an economic game that included a decision whether to dominate another individual. We also examined whether the dual‐hormone interaction...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - July 12, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stefan Pfattheicher Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Emotion and aggressive intergroup cognitions: The ANCODI hypothesis
We report two studies that provide initial evidence. In both, participants were members of ideologically motivated groups and were primed with ANCODI. In Study 1 participants primed with ANCODI produced more aggressive cognitions relative to their opponent outgroup than a neutral outgroup; this effect did not occur for participants primed with fear‐sadness. In Study 2 participants primed with ANCODI engaged in more competitive decision making against their opponent outgroups than a neutral outgroup; this effect did not occur for participants primed with disgust only. These findings contribute to the literature on the rol...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - July 12, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: David Matsumoto, Hyisung C. Hwang, Mark G. Frank Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Illuminating the dual‐hormone hypothesis: About chronic dominance and the interaction of cortisol and testosterone
The dual‐hormone hypothesis suggests that testosterone is positively associated with status‐seeking tendencies such as aggression and dominance, particularly in individuals with low levels of cortisol. Although recent research supports the dual‐hormone hypothesis, its boundary conditions under which the dual‐hormone interaction is likely to emerge are not clearly understood. In the present study (N = 153), the dual‐hormone hypothesis was empirically tested in the context of an economic game that included a decision whether to dominate another individual. We also examined whether the dual‐hormone interaction...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - July 12, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stefan Pfattheicher Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
Development of a social emotional information processing assessment for adults (SEIP ‐Q)
An expanded self‐report, vignette‐based, questionnaire was developed to assess five components in a social emotional information processing model (SEIP: attribution, emotional response, response valuation, outcome expectancy, response efficacy, and response enactment), first in a population‐based sample (n = 250) and, second in healthy control participants (n = 50) and in those with DSM‐5 Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED: n = 50). SEIP‐Q vignettes depict, separately, both overtly aggressive and relationally aggressive as well as socially ambivalent scenarios. This expanded SEIP‐Q assessment demo...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - June 19, 2016 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Emil F. Coccaro, Jennifer Fanning, Royce Lee Tags: Research Article Source Type: research
