Coniferyl ferulate alleviate xylene-caused hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell toxicity by Mgst2
Xylene exposure is known to induce toxicity in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), leading to bone marrow suppression and potential leukemogenesis. However, research on the gene expression profiles associated with xylene-induced toxicity in HSPCs, and effective therapeutic interventions, remains scarce. In our study, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing to capture the transcriptomic shifts within bone marrow HSPCs both prior to and following treatment with coniferyl ferulate (CF) in a mouse model of xylene-induced hematotoxicity. Subsequently, we pinpointed CF as a targeted agent using SPR-LC/MS analysis. Th...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 8, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Identification and validation of prognostic and immunotherapeutic responses in esophageal squamous carcinoma based on hypoxia phenotype-related genes
The study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of the interaction between hypoxia and the immune system in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) microenvironment. A comprehensive evaluation of 13 hypoxia phenotype-related genes (HPRs) was conducted using data from TCGA-ESCC and two GEO cohorts. Three distinct HPRclusters were identified, and the HPRscore was established as an independent prognostic factor (p = 0.001), with higher scores indicating poorer prognosis. The HPRscore was validated in various immunotherapy cohorts, demonstrating its efficacy in evaluating immunotherapy and chemotherapy outcomes. Add...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Assessing the relative contribution of CYP3A-and P-gp-mediated pathways to the overall disposition and drug-drug interaction of dabigatran etexilate using a comprehensive mechanistic physiological-based pharmacokinetic model
In this study, the relative significance of CYP3A- and P-gp-mediated pathways to the overall disposition of DABE has been explored using mechanistic physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling approach. The developed PBPK model linked DABE with its 2 intermediate (BIBR0951 and BIBR1087) and active (dabigatran, DAB) metabolites, and with all relevant drug-specific properties known to date included. The model was successfully qualified against several datasets of DABE single/multiple dose pharmacokinetics and DDIs with CYP3A/P-gp inhibitors. Simulations using the qualified model supported that the intestinal CYP3A-...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Adverse reactions induced by MDT/WHO (Rifampicin+Clofazimine+Dapsone) and ROM (Rifampicin+Ofloxacin+Minocycline) regimens used in the treatment of leprosy: a cohort study in a National Reference Center in Brazil
Conclusion: The comparison between MDT and ROM revealed that MDT caused more ADRs, and these reactions were more severe, indicating less safety for patients. Dapsone was the most common medication causing ADRs, followed by Rifampicin. The combination with Clofazimine was associated with an additional risk of ADRs, warranting further studies to confirm this hypothesis. Given the high magnitude of ADRs, healthcare teams need to monitor patients undergoing leprosy treatment with focus on pharmacovigilance. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Comparative genomics and phylogenomics of the genus Glycyrrhiza (Fabaceae) based on chloroplast genomes
In this study, comparative genomics and phylogenomics of Glycyrrhiza were analyzed based on the chloroplast genome. The chloroplast genomes of six Glycyrrhiza species were obtained using various assembly and annotation tools. The final assembled chloroplast genome sizes for the six Glycyrrhiza species ranged from 126,380 bp to 129,115 bp, with a total of 109–110 genes annotated. Comparative genomics results showed that the chloroplast genomes of Glycyrrhiza showed typically lacking inverted repeat regions, and the genome length, structure, GC content, codon usage, and gene distribution were highly similar. Bioinformatics...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

In vivo screening for toxicity-modulating drug interactions identifies antagonism that protects against ototoxicity in zebrafish
Introduction: Ototoxicity is a debilitating side effect of over 150 medications with diverse mechanisms of action, many of which could be taken concurrently to treat multiple conditions. Approaches for preclinical evaluation of drug-drug interactions that might impact ototoxicity would facilitate design of safer multi-drug regimens and mitigate unsafe polypharmacy by flagging combinations that potentially cause adverse interactions for monitoring. They may also identify protective agents that antagonize ototoxic injury.Methods: To address this need, we have developed a novel workflow that we call Parallelized Evaluation of...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Article review: Brazilin as potential anticancer agent
Brazilin is the main compound in Caesalpinia sappan and Haematoxylum braziletto, which is identified as a homoisoflavonoid based on its molecular structure. These plants are traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory to treat fever, hemorrhage, rheumatism, skin problems, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, brazilin has increased its interest in cancer studies. Several findings have shown that brazilin has cytotoxic effects on colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, cervical cancer, bladder carcinoma, also other cancers, along with numerous facts about its possible mechani...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

CBA (4-chloro-2-(2-chlorophenoxy)acetamido) benzoic acid) inhibits TMEM206 mediated currents and TMEM206 does not contribute to acid-induced cell death in colorectal cancer cells
Conclusion: CBA demonstrates effective and specific inhibition of TMEM206; however, its inhibitory efficacy is limited at pH 6.0. Despite this limitation, CBA is a potent inhibitor for functional studies at pH 4.5 and may be a promising scaffold for the development of future TMEM206 inhibitors. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Gentiopicroside improves non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by activating PPAR α and suppressing HIF1
Gentiopicroside (GPS) is a highly water-soluble small-molecule drug and the main bioactive secoiridoid glycoside of Gentiana scabra that has been shown to have hepatoprotective effects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the effects of GPS on NASH and the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Firstly, a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet and a high-sugar solution containing d-fructose and d-glucose were used to establish a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) mice model. Secondly, we confi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Ferric citrate for the treatment of hyperphosphatemia and iron deficiency anaemia in patients with NDD-CKD: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion: This meta-analysis found that ferric citrate had a beneficial effect in the treatment of NDD-CKD, particularly in reducing blood phosphorus levels when compared to a control intervention. It also shown that ferric citrate has a favourable effect on iron intake and anaemia management. In terms of safety, ferric citrate may increase the likelihood of gastrointestinal side effects. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Surgery combined with anlotinib for local control of patients with resectable extremity desmoid fibromatosis: a retrospective study
Conclusion: Surgery combined with anlotinib appears to be effective in controlling local recurrence in patients with resectable DF of the extremities, and the side effects were acceptable. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Dienogest in conjunction with GnRH-a for postoperative management of endometriosis
Conclusion: The short-term adjunctive use of GnRH-a prior to DNG treatment postoperatively in patients with EMS proves efficacious in mitigating early adverse bleeding, enhancing patient adherence, and improving overall quality of life. Notably, this therapeutic approach demonstrates favorable safety profiles and is equally effective in patients with DIE. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Validity and reliability of the Romanian version of the Hill-Bone compliance to high blood pressure therapy scale
Romania is considered a country with high cardiovascular risk, arterial hypertension and its complications accounting for about 60% of total deaths. The management of high blood pressure often involves a combination of both therapeutic regimens as well as lifestyle changes, to which patients have to be adherent. In order to assess patients adherence to professionals’ recommendations, validated tools are needed. The aim of our study was to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale into Romanian. The study included 215 participants from Iasi, North-Eastern Romani...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Leaf extract of Garcinia atroviridis promotes anti-heat stress and antioxidant effects in Caenorhabditis elegans
Introduction:Garcinia atroviridis has been used for traditional medicines, healthy foods and tea. The chemical compositions and biological activities of fruit, stem bark and root have been widely studied. However, the phytochemical components and the biological activities in Garcinia atroviridis leaves (GAL) are limited. This research aims to study the phytochemical components and the stress resistance effects of GAL in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).Methods: To investigate the chemical components and antioxidant activities of GAL extract, the ethanol extract was characterized by liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Case Report: Minocycline-induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome: a case report and literature review
In conclusion, we reported a rare minocycline-induced DRESS syndrome who developed fever, eosinophilia, acute rash, pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy, acute kidney injury, hepatitis, and splenomegaly. Our report provides detailed clinical features of minocycline-induced DRESS syndrome, which helps us further understand this severe adverse event. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research