Resveratrol and vascular health: evidence from clinical studies and mechanisms of actions related to its metabolites produced by gut microbiota
Cardiovascular diseases are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with dietary factors being the main risk contributors. Diets rich in bioactive compounds, such as (poly)phenols, have been shown to potentially exert positive effects on vascular health. Among them, resveratrol has gained particular attention due to its potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. Nevertheless, the results in humans are conflicting possibly due to interindividual different responses. The gut microbiota, a complex microbial community that inhabits the gastrointestinal tract, has been called out as potentially responsible for...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 18, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Safety assessment of cenobamate: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database
Conclusion:Our research findings align with established results, affirming the favorable safety profile of cenobamate. Effective prevention of adverse reactions induced by cenobamate can be achieved through the establishment of efficient blood concentration monitoring and dose adjustments. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Corrigendum: Patchouli alcohol improved diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by regulating excitatory neurotransmission in the myenteric plexus of rats
(Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Integration of meta-analysis and network pharmacology analysis to investigate the pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Conclusion: TCM, as a novel, safe, and effective multi-mechanism therapy, holds greater value in the treatment of HCC. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Neuroinflammation alters GABAergic neurotransmission in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy, leading to motor incoordination. Mechanisms and therapeutic implications
Enhanced GABAergic neurotransmission contributes to impairment of motor coordination and gait and of cognitive function in different pathologies, including hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy. Neuroinflammation is a main contributor to enhancement of GABAergic neurotransmission through increased activation of different pathways. For example, enhanced activation of the TNFα–TNFR1-NF-κB-glutaminase-GAT3 pathway and the TNFα-TNFR1-S1PR2-CCL2-BDNF-TrkB pathway in cerebellum of hyperammonemic rats enhances GABAergic neurotransmission. This is mediated by mechanisms affecting GABA synthesizing enzymes GAD67 and GAD65,...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effects of a proprietary mixture of extracts from Sabal serrulata fruits and Urtica dioica roots (WS ® 1541) on prostate hyperplasia and inflammation in rats and human cells
Conclusion: This data supports a beneficial effect of the clinically used WS® 1541 for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with mild to moderate benign prostate syndrome and provides a scientific rationale for the combination of its components WS® 1473 and WS® 1031. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Chinese patent medicine combined with calcium channel blockers in the treatment of essential hypertension:a Bayes network meta-analysis and systematic review
Conclusion: This study underscores variability in outcomes from combining Chinese patent medicine and CCBs for hypertension, emphasizing the importance of personalized medicinal combinations, especially Tianma Gouteng Granule and Songling Xuemaikang Capsule. The results offer robust evidence to inform clinical guidelines for essential hypertention and significantly aid clinician in seleting appropriate Chinese patent medicines for treatment. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Ceftriaxone-induced severe hemolytic anemia, renal calculi, and cholecystolithiasis in a 3-year-old child: a case report and literature review
This report details a rare and severe case of ceftriaxone-induced severe immune hemolytic anemia (IHA), hemolytic crisis, myocardial injury, liver injury, renal calculi, and cholecystolithiasis in a previously healthy 3-year-old child. The child, treated for bronchitis, experienced sudden pallor, limb stiffness, and altered consciousness following the fifth day of ceftriaxone infusion, with hemoglobin (Hb) levels precipitously dropping to 21 g/L. Immediate cessation of ceftriaxone and the administration of oxygen therapy, blood transfusion, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and corticosteroids led to a gradual recovery. ...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Efficacy of turmeric in the treatment of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BackgroundOral mucositis is a major complication for head and neck cancer (HNC) patients after radiotherapy or chemotherapy. A meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of turmeric in the treatment of oral mucositis in HNC patients.MethodsRandomized controlled trials investigating our topic were included in the meta-analysis. The clinical outcomes considered were the severity of oral mucositis, pain level, and weight loss.ResultsA total of eight articles that met our inclusion criteria were included in our meta-analysis. At the 3-week follow-up visit, the turmeric group showed significantly lower grades of oral mu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics reveals toxicological mechanisms of ZhuRiHeng drop pill in the 180-day repeated oral toxicity study
Conclusion: Our study unveils a panoramic understanding of the temporal, dosage-specific, and gene dimensions surrounding the metabolic and transcriptional shifts induced by ZRH exposure. As we peer into the future, recommendations emerge for further exploration, encompassing aspects such as time dynamics, dosage considerations, and gene-centric avenues to enhance therapeutic efficacy. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 15, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Identification of key genes increasing susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the potential mechanisms: mitochondrial dysfunction and systemic inflammation
Conclusion: Our study firstly discovered that AMOT, PDE11A, TYMS, TMEM98, and PTGS2 are associated with NAFLD-related AF and hold strong diagnostic values. Our study also indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction and systemic inflammation may be potential mechanisms bridging NAFLD and AF. Additionally, we identified empagliflozin as a potentially effective therapeutic agent for NAFLD-related AF at the molecular structure level. These novel insights contribute to the further understanding, diagnosis, and intervention of NAFLD-related AF. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 14, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Probes for the heterogeneity of muscimol binding sites in rat brain
Discussion: These findings indicate that 3H-muscimol binding sites in rat brain are heterogeneous, with different populations of receptors, which are CPZ, LOX or CLZ sensitive or insensitive. These binding sites show a varying distribution in different rat brain regions. Molecular docking suggests that the so-called loop F region of α subunits drives the observed differences. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 14, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Model-based exploration of the rationality of off-label use of cetirizine in Chinese pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study
Conclusion: This study provides evidence-based and model-based exploration for optimizing cetirizine usage in Chinese pediatric patients. The cetirizine PPK model showed accurate predictive performance and could be utilized to simulate individual patient exposure in real-world clinical scenarios. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 14, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effectiveness of prophylactic antibacterial drugs for patients with liver cirrhosis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusion: Based on our investigation, the prophylactic antibacterial drugs confers noteworthy advantages in patients afflicted by liver cirrhosis with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It has been associated with reductions in mortality, infection incidence, rebleeding occurrences, and the duration of hospitalization. Among prophylactic antibacterial options, quinolones emerged as the foremost choice, with cephalosporins ranking closely thereafter.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022343352, identifier CRD42022343352. (Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology)
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 14, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
In-depth LC-MS and in-vitro studies of a triterpenoid saponin capilliposide-A metabolism modulation in gut microbiota of mice
This study established a colitis mouse model, collected sterile feces from normal mice and colitis mice, and incubated CPS-A with two different intestinal flora in vitro. Based on LC-MS, the metabolic process of CPS-A mediated by intestinal microbes and the intervention effect of CPS-A on intestinal microbiome derived metabolites were studied.Results: The results of experiments indicate that intestinal microorganisms can mediate the biotransformation of CPS-A and metabolize it into corresponding deglycosylation products, thereby promoting its drug effect. Not only that, CPS-A can also promote metabolites such as Deoxycholi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - March 14, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
