Correction: A Squalene-Based Nanomedicine for Oral Treatment of Colon Cancer
(Source: Cancer Research)
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Corrections Source Type: research
Correction: SSRP1 Cooperates with PARP and XRCC1 to Facilitate Single-Strand DNA Break Repair by Chromatin Priming
(Source: Cancer Research)
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Corrections Source Type: research
Cross-Cancer Analysis Reveals Novel Pleiotropic Associations—Response
(Source: Cancer Research)
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rayjean J. Hung, Gordon Fehringer, Graham Casey, Stephen B. Gruber, Ulrike Peters, Ellen L. Goode, Thomas A. Sellers, Christopher A. Haiman, David J. Hunter, Peter Kraft, Christopher I. Amos, Matthew L. Freedman, Michael D. Wilson Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Cross-Cancer Analysis Reveals Novel Pleiotropic Associations—Letter
(Source: Cancer Research)
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lei Quan, Alan Hutson, Peter Demant Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Diabetes Treatments and Risks of Adverse Breast Cancer Outcomes among Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients: A SEER-Medicare Analysis
In this study, we conducted a retrospective cohort study using the linked Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End-Results (SEER)-Medicare database. Women were included in the study if they were aged 66 to 80 years, newly diagnosed with stage I or II breast cancer, and enrolled in Medicare Parts A, B, and D during 2007 to 2011. Information on dispensed diabetes-related medications was obtained from Medicare Part D claims data. Our primary outcomes were second breast cancer events (SBCE), breast cancer recurrence, and breast cancer death. Time-varying Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate HRs and their 95% confide...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lu Chen, Jessica Chubak, Denise M. Boudreau, William E. Barlow, Noel S. Weiss, Christopher I. Li Tags: Prevention and Epidemiology Source Type: research
Chemotherapy-Induced Macrophage Infiltration into Tumors Enhances Nanographene-Based Photodynamic Therapy
Increased recruitment of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to tumors following chemotherapy promotes tumor resistance and recurrence and correlates with poor prognosis. TAM depletion suppresses tumor growth, but is not highly effective due to the effects of tumorigenic mediators from other stromal sources. Here, we report that adoptive macrophage transfer led to a dramatically enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect of 2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl pyropheophor-bide-alpha (HPPH)-coated polyethylene glycosylated nanographene oxide [GO(HPPH)-PEG] by increasing its tumor accumulation. Moreover, tumor treatment with common...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yang Zhao, Chenran Zhang, Liquan Gao, Xinhe Yu, Jianhao Lai, Dehua Lu, Rui Bao, Yanpu Wang, Bing Jia, Fan Wang, Zhaofei Liu Tags: Integrated Systems and Technologies Source Type: research
Optical Coherence Tomography Detects Necrotic Regions and Volumetrically Quantifies Multicellular Tumor Spheroids
In this study, we established a label-free, noninvasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging platform to characterize 3D morphologic and physiologic information of multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS) growing from approximately 250 to 600 μm in height over 21 days. In particular, tumor spheroids of two cell lines, glioblastoma (U-87MG) and colorectal carcinoma (HCT116), exhibited distinctive evolutions in their geometric shapes at late growth stages. Volumes of MCTS were accurately quantified using a voxel-based approach without presumptions of their geometries. In contrast, conventional diameter-based volume calcul...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yongyang Huang, Shunqiang Wang, Qiongyu Guo, Sarah Kessel, Ian Rubinoff, Leo Li-Ying Chan, Peter Li, Yaling Liu, Jean Qiu, Chao Zhou Tags: Integrated Systems and Technologies Source Type: research
Transplantation of iPS-Derived Tumor Cells with a Homozygous MHC Haplotype Induces GRP94 Antibody Production in MHC-Matched Macaques
In this study, we demonstrate that autoantibodies can mitigate tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. We generated two cancer cell lines, embryonal carcinoma and glioblastoma cell lines, from monkey-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) carrying a homozygous haplotype of major histocompatibility complex (MHC, Mafa in Macaca fascicularis). To establish a monkey cancer model, we transplanted these cells into monkeys carrying the matched Mafa haplotype in one of the chromosomes. Neither Mafa-homozygous cancer cell line grew in monkeys carrying the matched Mafa haplotype heterozygously. We detected in the plasma of these monkeys a...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hirohito Ishigaki, Toshinaga Maeda, Hirokazu Inoue, Tsuyoshi Akagi, Takako Sasamura, Hideaki Ishida, Toshiro Inubushi, Junko Okahara, Takashi Shiina, Misako Nakayama, Yasushi Itoh, Kazumasa Ogasawara Tags: Microenvironment and Immunology Source Type: research
Anti-CD137 Suppresses Tumor Growth by Blocking Reverse Signaling by CD137 Ligand
CD137 (4-1BB) is a T-cell costimulatory molecule, and agonstic CD137 antibodies are currently being evaluated in the clinic as cancer immunotherapy. Recently, it was found that CD137−/− mice or mice injected with agonistic anti-CD137 antibodies exhibit heightened antitumor responses, contrary to expectations based on other knowledge of CD137 function. Here, we report findings related to reverse signaling by CD137 ligand (CD137L) in antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) in tumors that address these paradoxical results. Specifically, CD137L suppressed intratumoral differentiation of IL12-producing CD103+ DC and type 1 ...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sang W. Kang, Sang C. Lee, So H. Park, Juyang Kim, Hyeon H. Kim, Hyeon-Woo Lee, Su K. Seo, Byoung S. Kwon, Hong R. Cho, Byungsuk Kwon Tags: Microenvironment and Immunology Source Type: research
Tenascin-C and Integrin {alpha}9 Mediate Interactions of Prostate Cancer with the Bone Microenvironment
Deposition of the extracellular matrix protein tenascin-C is part of the reactive stroma response, which has a critical role in prostate cancer progression. Here, we report that tenascin C is expressed in the bone endosteum and is associated with formation of prostate bone metastases. Metastatic cells cultured on osteo-mimetic surfaces coated with tenascin C exhibited enhanced adhesion and colony formation as mediated by integrin α9β1. In addition, metastatic cells preferentially migrated and colonized tenascin-C–coated trabecular bone xenografts in a novel system that employed chorioallantoic membranes of fertilized c...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rebeca San Martin, Ravi Pathak, Antrix Jain, Sung Yun Jung, Susan G. Hilsenbeck, Maria C. Pina–Barba, Andrew G. Sikora, Kenneth J. Pienta, David R. Rowley Tags: Microenvironment and Immunology Source Type: research
Enhanced Acid Sphingomyelinase Activity Drives Immune Evasion and Tumor Growth in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
In this study, we demonstrate elevated ASM activity in the lung tumor environment and blood serum of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). RNAi-mediated attenuation of SMPD1 in human NSCLC cells rendered them resistant to serum starvation–induced apoptosis. In a murine model of lung adenocarcinoma, ASM deficiency reduced tumor development in a manner associated with significant enhancement of Th1-mediated and cytotoxic T-cell–mediated antitumor immunity. Our findings indicate that targeting ASM in NSCLC can act by tumor cell–intrinsic and –extrinsic mechanisms to suppress tumor cell growth, most notab...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Katerina Kachler, Maximilian Bailer, Lisanne Heim, Fabian Schumacher, Martin Reichel, Corinna D. Holzinger, Sonja Trump, Susanne Mittler, Juliana Monti, Denis I. Trufa, Ralf J. Rieker, Arndt Hartmann, Horia Sirbu, Burkhard Kleuser, Johannes Kornhuber, Sus Tags: Microenvironment and Immunology Source Type: research
Gemcitabine-Induced TIMP1 Attenuates Therapy Response and Promotes Tumor Growth and Liver Metastasis in Pancreatic Cancer
Gemcitabine constitutes one of the backbones for chemotherapy treatment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but patients often respond poorly to this agent. Molecular markers downstream of gemcitabine treatment in preclinical models may provide an insight into resistance mechanisms. Using cytokine arrays, we identified potential secretory biomarkers of gemcitabine resistance (response) in the transgenic KRasG12D; Trp53R172H; Pdx-1 Cre (KPC) mouse model of PDAC. We verified the oncogenic role of the cytokine tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP1) in primary pancreatic tumors and metastases using bot...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zenobia D'Costa, Keaton Jones, Abul Azad, Ruud van Stiphout, Su Y. Lim, Ana L. Gomes, Paul Kinchesh, Sean C. Smart, W. Gillies McKenna, Francesca M. Buffa, Owen J. Sansom, Ruth J. Muschel, Eric O'Neill, Emmanouil Fokas Tags: Microenvironment and Immunology Source Type: research
Tethering IL2 to Its Receptor IL2R{beta} Enhances Antitumor Activity and Expansion of Natural Killer NK92 Cells
IL2 is an immunostimulatory cytokine for key immune cells including T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. Systemic IL2 supplementation could enhance NK-mediated immunity in a variety of diseases ranging from neoplasms to viral infection. However, its systemic use is restricted by its serious side effects and limited efficacy due to activation of T regulatory cells (Tregs). IL2 signaling is mediated through interactions with a multi-subunit receptor complex containing IL2Rα, IL2Rβ, and IL2Rγ. Adult natural killer (NK) cells express only IL2Rβ and IL2Rγ subunits and are therefore relatively insensitive to IL2. To overc...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Youssef Jounaidi, Joseph F. Cotten, Keith W. Miller, Stuart A. Forman Tags: Therapeutics, Targets, and Chemical Biology Source Type: research
Caveolae-Mediated Endocytosis Is Critical for Albumin Cellular Uptake and Response to Albumin-Bound Chemotherapy
This study addresses this gap in knowledge by identifying that caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a candidate mechanism-based biomarker. Caveolae are small membrane invaginations important for transendothelial albumin uptake. Cav-1, the principal structural component of caveolae, is overexpressed in the cancers noted above that respond to nab-paclitaxel. Thus, we hypothesized that Cav-1 may be critical for albumin uptake in tumors and perhaps determine their response to this drug. Cav-1 protein levels correlated positively with nab-paclitaxel sensitivity. RNAi-mediated attenuation of Cav-1 expression reduced uptake of albumin and nab-p...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Moumita Chatterjee, Edgar Ben-Josef, Ryan Robb, Marall Vedaie, Star Seum, Krishnan Thirumoorthy, Kamalakannan Palanichamy, Matthew Harbrecht, Arnab Chakravarti, Terence M. Williams Tags: Therapeutics, Targets, and Chemical Biology Source Type: research
MCT1 Inhibitor AZD3965 Increases Mitochondrial Metabolism, Facilitating Combination Therapy and Noninvasive Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
In this study, we assessed the impact of the MCT1 inhibitor AZD3965 on cancer cell metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Exposing human lymphoma and colon carcinoma cells to AZD3965 increased MCT4-dependent accumulation of intracellular lactate, inhibiting monocarboxylate influx and efflux. AZD3965 also increased the levels of TCA cycle–related metabolites and 13C-glucose mitochondrial metabolism, enhancing oxidative pyruvate dehydrogenase and anaplerotic pyruvate carboxylase fluxes. Increased mitochondrial metabolism was necessary to maintain cell survival under drug stress. These effects were counteracted by coadministratio...
Source: Cancer Research - October 31, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mounia Beloueche-Babari, Slawomir Wantuch, Teresa Casals Galobart, Markella Koniordou, Harold G. Parkes, Vaitha Arunan, Yuen-Li Chung, Thomas R. Eykyn, Paul D. Smith, Martin O. Leach Tags: Therapeutics, Targets, and Chemical Biology Source Type: research
