Mesenchymal stem cells regulate type 2 innate lymphoid cells via regulatory T cells through ICOS ‐ICOSL interaction

This study revealed that human MSCs suppressed ILC2s via Treg cells through ICOS‐ICOSL inte raction, which provides further insight to regulate ILC2s in inflammatory disorders.© AlphaMed Press 2021Significance StatementGroup 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are increasingly recognized for their ability in the initiation and acceleration of type 2 inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated able to alleviate type 2 inflammation by modulating T lymphocyte subsets and decreasing TH2 cytokine expression levels in patients with AR and animal models. However, the effects of MSCs on ILC2s have not been investigated. It is of great importance to illustrate the immunomodulatory role of MSCs on ILC2s for their possible clinical application in treating allergic diseases. This study demonstrated for the first time that induced pluripotent stem cell ‐derived MSCs (iPSC‐MSCs) are able to inhibit ILC2 functions via the assistance of regulatory T (Treg) cells. ICOSL induced Treg cells are critical for the inhibitory functions of iPSC‐MSCs on ILC2s. These new findings are of possible clinical value and provide further insight to regulate ILC2 s in inflammatory disorders.

Source: Stem Cells - March 4, 2021 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Xingliang Fan, Zhi ‐Bin Xu, Cheng‐Lin Li, Hong‐Yu Zhang, Ya‐Qi Peng, Bi‐Xin He, Xiao‐Qing Liu, De‐Hua Chen, Dong Chen, Cezmi A. Akdis, Qing‐Ling Fu Tags: Translational and Clinical Research Source Type: research