The Role of Vitamin K in Vascular Calcification

Publication date: November 2019Source: Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease, Volume 26, Issue 6Author(s): Mario Cozzolino, Maria Fusaro, Paola Ciceri, Lorenzo Gasperoni, Giuseppe CiancioloVascular calcification (VC) is common in advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), contributes to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and associates with increased mortality. Major risk factors for VC in CKD are increasing age, dialysis vintage, and positive net calcium-phosphate balance. To date, no specific therapy that prevents progression or facilitates regression of VC beyond careful attention to calcium and phosphate balance exists. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that CKD patients may incur subclinical vitamin K deficiency. This deficiency may be induced by exhaustion of vitamin K due to its high requirement by vitamin K-dependent proteins to inhibit VC. This review analyzes the pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical consequences of vitamin K deficiency with emphasis on its involvement on vascular calcification in CKD and end-stage renal disease and its relationship to the bone-vascular axis.
Source: Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease - Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research