Sodium homeostasis in the tumour microenvironment

Publication date: Available online 23 July 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on CancerAuthor(s): Theresa K. Leslie, Andrew D. James, Fulvio Zaccagna, James T. Grist, Surrin Deen, Aneurin Kennerley, Frank Riemer, Joshua D. Kaggie, Ferdia A. Gallagher, Fiona J. Gilbert, William J. BrackenburyAbstractThe concentration of sodium ions (Na+) is raised in solid tumours and can be measured at the cellular, tissue and patient levels. At the cellular level, the Na+ gradient across the membrane powers the transport of H+ ions and essential nutrients for normal activity. The maintenance of the Na+ gradient requires a large proportion of the cell’s ATP. Na+ is a major contributor to the osmolarity of the tumour microenvironment, which affects cell volume and metabolism as well as immune function. Here, we review evidence indicating that Na+ handling is altered in tumours, explore our current understanding of the mechanisms that may underlie these alterations and consider the potential consequences for cancer progression. Dysregulated Na+ balance in tumours may open opportunities for new imaging biomarkers and re-purposing of drugs for treatment.
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Reviews on Cancer - Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research