Squalene isolated from marine macroalgae Caulerpa racemosa and its potent antioxidant and anti ‐inflammatory activities

AbstractEvaluating biofunctional properties of marine natural products receives increased attention in recent research. Current study explores the biofunctional properties ofCaulerpa racemosa 70% ethanol extract (CRE) to identify bioactive principals. Ethyl acetate (CREE) and hexane (CREH) fractions of CRE indicated potent antioxidant and anti ‐inflammatory activity. Bioassay‐guided purification of CREH led to the isolation of squalene, which indicated prominent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activity. Squalene reduced alkyl and hydroxyl radical scavenging and 2,2'‐Azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) and H2O2‐induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Squalene increased protective effects in HaCaT keratinocytes against UV‐induced cell damage by reducing ROS levels. Furthermore, squalene could reduce nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cyclooxygenase (COX ‐2) levels, and some key pro‐inflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide‐induced RAW macrophages. Structure of squalene was confirmed by NMR and GC‐MS/MS analysis. This is the first study to report the isolation of squalene from the macroalgaeC. racemosa.Practical applicationsCaulerpa racemosa is an edible green alga popularly consumed as a salad in South East Asia. The current study highlights the antioxidant and the broad range of anti ‐inflammatory functionality of its 70% ethanol extract and solvent fractions. The stud...
Source: Journal of Food Biochemistry - Category: Food Science Authors: Tags: FULL ARTICLE Source Type: research