Probing carbohydrate metabolism using hyperpolarized 13C ‐labeled molecules

Glycolysis and the related pentose phosphate pathway can be monitored in real time with hyperpolarized,13C ‐labeled metabolic substrates such as13C ‐labeled, deuterated D‐glucose derivatives, [2‐13C] ‐D‐fructose, [2‐13C] dihydroxyacetone, [1 ‐13C] ‐D‐glycerate, [1‐13C] ‐D‐glucono‐δ‐lactone and [1‐13C] pyruvate in healthy and diseased tissues. Glycolysis is a fundamental metabolic process in all organisms. Anomalies in glucose metabolism are linked to various pathological conditions. In particular, elevated aerobic glycolysis is a characteristic feature of rapidly growing cells. Glycolysis and the closely related pentose phosphate pathway can be monitored in real time by hyperpolarized13C ‐labeled metabolic substrates such as13C ‐enriched, deuterated D‐glucose derivatives, [2‐13C] ‐D‐fructose, [2‐13C] dihydroxyacetone, [1 ‐13C] ‐D‐glycerate, [1‐13C] ‐D‐glucono‐δ‐lactone and [1‐13C] pyruvate in healthy and diseased tissues. Elevated glycolysis in tumors (the Warburg effect) was also successfully imaged using hyperpolarized [U ‐13C6, U ‐2H7] ‐D‐glucose, while the size of the preexisting lactate pool can be measured by13C MRS and/or MRI with hyperpolarized [1 ‐13C]pyruvate. This review summarizes the application of various hyperpolarized13C ‐labeled metabolites to the real‐time monitoring of glycolysis and related metabolic processes in normal and diseased tissues.

Source: NMR in Biomedicine - November 26, 2018 Category: Radiology Authors: Jaspal Singh, Eul Hyun Suh, Gaurav Sharma, Chalermchai Khemtong, A. Dean Sherry, Zoltan Kovacs Tags: SPECIAL ISSUE RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research