Enzymes inhibitors from natural sources with antidiabetic activity: A review

Many medicinal plants products and groups of isolated phytochemicals have shown promising effects as enzyme inhibitors with different mechanism important for new antidiabetic drug design. The most involved mechanisms are inhibition of intestinal α‐glucosidase and amylase; lens aldose reductase; oxidative stress protection; inhibition of formation of AGEs; inhibition ALR; alters enzyme activity of hexokinases and glucose‐6‐phosphate; synthesize and release of insulin; postprandial hyperglycemia inhibition; stimulation of GLUT‐4; and decrease activity of G6P. Natural products have been extensively investigated for antidiabetic therapy. Many of the natural products have direct or indirect effect in diabetes pathways as enzyme inhibitors. The most involved mechanisms are inhibition of intestinal alpha ‐glucosidase and alpha‐amylase, lens aldose reductase, oxidative stress protection, inhibition of formation of advanced glycation end products, inhibition of aldose reductase, lowering plasma glucose levels, altering enzyme activity of hexokinases and glucose‐6‐phosphate, synthesizing and re leasing of insulin, postprandial hyperglycemia inhibition, stimulation of GLUT‐4, decreasing activity of G6P, lowering the level of skeletal hexokinases, etc. The following medicinal plants products or extracts showed promising effects as enzyme inhibitors:Abelmoschus moschatus,Alangium salvifolium,Azadirachta indica,Bidens pilosa,Boerhaavia diffusa,Capsicum frutescens,Cassia ...

Source: Phytotherapy Research - November 11, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fiaz Alam, Zainab Shafique, Sayyeda Tayyeba Amjad, Mohammad Hassham Hassan Bin Asad Tags: REVIEW Source Type: research