d-Cysteine promotes dendritic development in primary cultured cerebellar Purkinje cells via hydrogen sulfide production

Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018Source: Molecular and Cellular NeuroscienceAuthor(s): Takahiro Seki, Masahiro Sato, Ayumu Konno, Hirokazu Hirai, Yuki Kurauchi, Akinori Hisatsune, Hiroshi KatsukiAbstractHydrogen sulfide and reactive sulfur species are regulators of physiological functions, have antioxidant effects against oxidative stresses, and are endogenously generated from l-cysteine. Recently, a novel pathway that generates hydrogen sulfide and reactive sulfur species from d-cysteine has been identified. d-Amino acid oxidase (DAO) is involved in this pathway and, among the various brain regions, is especially abundant in the cerebellum. d-Cysteine has been found to be a better substrate in the generation of hydrogen sulfide in the cerebellum than l-cysteine. Therefore, d-cysteine might be a novel neuroprotectant against cerebellar diseases such as spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). However, it remains unknown if d-cysteine affects cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), which are important for cerebellar functions and are frequently degenerated in SCA patients. In the present study, we investigated whether the production of hydrogen sulfide from d-cysteine affects the dendritic development of cultured PCs. d-Cysteine was found to enhance the dendritic development of PCs significantly, while l-cysteine impaired it. The effect of d-cysteine was inhibited by simultaneous treatment with DAO inhibitors and was reproduced by treatment with 3-mercaptopyruvate, a metabolite...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience - Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research