Origin of fungal biomass degrading enzymes: Evolution, diversity and function of enzymes of early lineage fungi

Publication date: Available online 19 October 2018Source: Fungal Biology ReviewsAuthor(s): Lene Lange, Bo Pilgaard, Florian-Alexander Herbst, Peter Kamp Busk, Frank Gleason, Anders Gorm PedersenAbstractThe aim of this study was to elucidate the evolution of enzyme secretome of early lineage fungi to contribute to resolving the basal part of Fungal Kingdom and pave the way for industrial evaluation of their unique enzymes. By combining results of advanced sequence analysis with secretome mass spectrometry and phylogenetic trees, we provide evidence for that plant cell wall degrading enzymes of higher fungi share a common ancestor with enzymes from aerobic ancient fungi. Sequence analysis (HotPep, confirmed by dbCAN-HMM models) enabled prediction of enzyme function directly from sequence. For the first time, oxidative enzymes are described here in early lineage fungi (Chytridiomycota & Cryptomycota), which supports the conceptually new understanding that fungal LPMOs were also present in the early evolution of the Fungal Kingdom. Phylogenetic analysis of fungal AA9 proteins suggests an LPMO-common-ancestor with Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and describes a new clade of AA9s. We identified two very strong biomass degraders, Rhizophlyctis rosea (soil-inhabiting) and Neocallimastix californiae (rumen), with a rich spectrum of cellulolytic, xylanolytic and pectinolytic enzymes, characteristically including several different enzymes with the same function. Their secretome compositi...
Source: Fungal Biology Reviews - Category: Biology Source Type: research