Heat shock proteins 60 and 70 are associated with long-term outcome of T1-stage high-grade urothelial tumors of the bladder treated with intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Gu érin immunotherapy

Bladder cancer is the ninth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, with the highest incidence rates observed in North America and Europe [1]. At the time of diagnosis, approximately 75% of bladder cancers are nonmuscle invasive, 50% of which are high-grade [2,3]. Progression rates of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) range from 10% to 30% at 5years [3]. Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Gu érin (BCG) immunotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for high-grade tumors; however, patients who fail BCG immunotherapy are at the highest risk of disease progression and may benefit from early radical cystectomy [4].
Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tags: Original article Source Type: research