Strategies for immune evasion by human tumor viruses

Publication date: October 2018Source: Current Opinion in Virology, Volume 32Author(s): Kendra A Bussey, Melanie M BrinkmannImmune evasion is a hallmark of viral persistence. For the seven human tumor viruses to establish lifelong infection in their hosts, they must successfully control the host response to them. Viral inhibition of immune responses occurs at many levels. While some viruses directly target the pattern recognition receptors (PRR) of the innate immune system, they may also antagonize downstream effectors of PRR signaling cascades or activation of transcription, which would otherwise induce a type I interferon (IFN) and/or pro-inflammatory cytokine response. Secretion of IFN activates the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) signaling pathway, which is also prone to viral inhibition. To evade the adaptive host response, viruses also target various mechanisms including antigen processing and presentation.Graphical abstract

Source: Current Opinion in Virology - September 19, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research