Investigating possible causal effects of externalizing behaviors on tobacco initiation: A Mendelian randomization analysis

Externalizing disorders such as conduct disorder (CD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are characterized by behaviors including aggressiveness, impulsivity, sensation seeking, and often criminal behavior at older ages (Brazil et al., 2016, Goldstein et al., 2017, Holmes et al., 2001). Externalizing disorders are strongly associated with substance use, including tobacco use (Brook et al., 2014, Kim et al., 2009, Brook et al., 2010), and externalizing behaviors or symptoms below a clinical threshold are similarly associated with increased risk of smoking (Kollins et al., 2005).
Source: Drug and Alcohol Dependence - Category: Addiction Authors: Source Type: research