Is in-toing gait physiological in children? - Results of a large cohort study in 5910 healthy (pre-) school children

The foot progression angle (FPA), which is measured from the longitudinal axis of the foot to the forward line of progression [1], describes the rotational profile of the human foot while walking or running [2]. During the development of children ’s lower extremities, extreme FPAs displaying in-toeing (internal rotation of the foot, IR) or out-toeing (external rotation of the foot, ER) while walking may be present. These FPAs vary as young children’s lower extremities tend to internally rotate, but spontaneous normalize to a neutral or e xternal rotation position during growth [3–6].
Source: Gait and Posture - Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Tags: Full length article Source Type: research