Prognostic value of PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Several molecular targeted agents have been approved since 2008 for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in Japan and include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway inhibitors and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors. These therapeutic agents have prolonged the survival of patients with RCC. However, most patients treated with molecular targeted agents will ultimately acquire resistance to these agents, resulting in disease progression. Many potential prognostic and predictive molecular biomarkers have now been identified in RCC, although none has yet entered clinical practice [1].

Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations - August 18, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kosuke Ueda, Shigetaka Suekane, Hirofumi Kurose, Katsuaki Chikui, Makoto Nakiri, Kiyoaki Nishihara, Mitsunori Matsuo, Akihiko Kawahara, Hirohisa Yano, Tsukasa Igawa Tags: Original article Source Type: research