Gynaecomastia - Standardising evaluation to facilitate a streamline care pathway

Aim: Gynaecomastia causes include increased oestrogen activity, decreased testosterone activity, or taking certain medications. Although its aetiology is mostly benign, it often causes patients considerable anxiety, and assessment is variable. A detailed history, physical examination, and relevant investigations are necessary to determine the cause. Currently no certified standards exist for its management.

Source: International Journal of Surgery - July 1, 2018 Category: Surgery Authors: V. Cubas, S. Chambers, Z. Zair, K. McEvoy Source Type: research