Evidence of an ancient (2000  years ago) goiter attributed to iodine deficiency in North America

The Adena pipe figurine was found in the 2000  year-old Adena burial mound in Ross County, Ohio, USA by William C. Mills in 1901. The pipe reportedly represents an achondroplastic dwarf male Native American. However, the clinical aspect (swelling of the neck), the environmental/cultural characteristics in this area (iodine-poor soils, absence of seafood and milk consumption, tobacco smoking), and the marked prevalence of goiter among Native American populations favor the diagnosis of a goiter associated to iodine deficiency.
Source: Medical Hypotheses - Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Source Type: research