Base-modified fluorescent purine nucleosides and nucleotides for use in oligonucleotide probes

Publication date: Available online 18 July 2018Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry ReviewsAuthor(s): Yoshio Saito, Robert H.E. HudsonAbstractRecent years has witnessed increasing development and exploitation of fluorescence techniques which has been spurred by the discovery, design and synthesis of novel fluorescent molecules. In the realm of nucleic acids, both modest and dramatic structural modification of the nucleobase may engender it with fluorescence. This review focusses on the design, synthesis and applications of purine nucleoside analogs possessing fluorescently modified nucleobases, particularly for detection of nucleic acid sequences or for structural studies on nucleic acids. Thus, fluorescent nucleoside/nucleotide analogs that can be incorporated into oligonucleotides and report changes due to base-pairing/stacking or microenvironmental alterations, such as polarity changes in the grooves, are highlighted. Whenever available, the photophysical mechanism giving rise to the environmental responsiveness of the fluorescent nucleoside/tide is presented.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C: Photochemistry Reviews - Category: Chemistry Source Type: research