Critical review of axillary recurrence in early breast cancer

Recurrences after curative treatment in early breast cancer are usually divided into distant and loco-regional recurrence (LRR). Definition of regional recurrence (RR) after surgery includes locations in internal mammary, supraclavicular or infraclavicular lymph nodes, as well as axillary recurrence (AR). Although it had been assumed that AR reflects only insufficient control of the axilla (Smidt et al., 2005; van der Ploeg et al., 2008), the low AR rate even in cases without axilla management suggests that it reflects the absence of an effective immune system activity against remaining involved nodes and an insufficient response to the administered radiation and systemic treatment (International Breast Cancer Study G et al., 2006; Martelli et al., 2008; Hughes et al., 2004; Agresti et al., 2014; Lyman et al., 2005; Tvedskov et al., 2014; Tvedskov et al., 2012; Haffty et al., 2011; de Boer et al., 2009).

Source: Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology - June 23, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Carlos A. Castaneda, Pamela Rebaza, Miluska Castillo, Henry H. Gomez, Miguel de La Cruz, Gabriela Calderon, Jorge Dunstan, Jose Manuel Cotrina, Julio Abugattas, Tatiana Vidaurre Source Type: research