Chapter 13 CNS immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome

Publication date: 2018 Source:Handbook of Clinical Neurology, Volume 152 Author(s): Lauren Bowen, Avindra Nath, Bryan Smith Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) describes a syndrome of aberrant reconstituted immunity, often in association with HIV infection, beginning with a normalization of CD4+ T-cell counts resulting in a dysregulated immune response against an infecting opportunistic pathogen and the host. In this chapter, we discuss the unique nature of IRIS when present in the central nervous system (CNS IRIS) and the changes experienced with each host pathogen and its unique influence on the immune system. Consensus on the mechanism of action of the immune system in IRIS pathology is less clear and multiple theories have been proposed. Here we explore the early history of the term IRIS, proposed mechanisms and animal models, as well as common CNS pathogens associated with IRIS, and management strategies.

Source: Handbook of Clinical Neurology - March 29, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research