High ‐density lipoprotein from end‐stage renal disease patients exhibits superior cardioprotection and increase in sphingosine‐1‐phosphate

In this study, we compared plasma levels of sphingosine‐1‐phosphate (S1P), HDL‐associated S1P (HDL‐S1P) and HDL‐mediated protection against oxidative stress between CKD and control patients. MethodsHigh‐density lipoprotein was individually isolated from 20 CKD patients and 20 controls. Plasma S1P, apolipoprotein M (apoM) concentrations, HDL‐S1P content and the capacity of HDL to protect cardiomyocytes against doxorubicin‐induced oxidative stress in vitro were measured. ResultsChronic kidney disease patients showed a typical profile with significant reductions in plasma HDL cholesterol and albumin and an increase in triglycerides and pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐alpha and IL‐6). Unexpectedly, HDL‐S1P content (P = .001) and HDL cardioprotective capacity (P = .034) were increased significantly in CKD patients. Linear regression analysis of which factors could influence HDL‐S1P content showed an independent, negative and positive association with plasma albumin and apoM levels, respectively. DiscussionThe novel and unexpected observation in this study is that uremic HDL is more effective than control HDL for protecting cardiomyocytes against oxidative stress. It is explained by its higher S1P content which we previously demonstrated to be the determinant of HDL‐mediated cardioprotective capacity. Interestingly, lower concentrations of albumin in CKD are associated with higher HDL‐S1P.
Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation - Category: General Medicine Authors: Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research