Deoxygenation of inspiratory muscles during cycling, hyperpnoea and loaded breathing in health and disease: a systematic review

Summary Assessing inspiratory muscle deoxygenation and blood flow can provide insight into anaerobic stress, recruitment strategies and mechanisms of inspiratory muscle limitation. Therefore, this review aimed to synthesize measurements of inspiratory muscle oxyhaemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxyhaemoglobin (HHb), blood volume and flow of the inspiratory muscles acquired via near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during cycling, hyperpnoea and loaded breathing in healthy non‐athletes, healthy athletes and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or chronic heart failure (CHF). Searches were performed on Medline and Medline in‐process, EMBASE, Central, Sportdiscus, PubMed and Compendex. Reviewers independently abstracted articles and assessed their quality using the modified Downs and Black checklist. Of the 644 articles identified, 21 met the inclusion criteria. Studies evaluated non‐athletes (n = 9), athletes (n = 5), COPD (n = 2) and CHF (n = 5). The sample was 90% male and 73% were non‐athletes and athletes. Interventions included cycle ergometry, hyperpnoea, loaded breathing, elbow flexor loading and combined loaded breathing and ergometry. Athletes and patients with CHF or COPD demonstrated deoxygenation of inspiratory accessory muscles that was often an opposite or exaggerated pattern compared to non‐athletes. O2Hb decreased and HHb increased significantly in inspiratory muscles during cycle ergometry and loaded breathing with accentuated changes ...
Source: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging - Category: Radiology Authors: Tags: Review Article Source Type: research