Postepy Hig Med Dosw 2017; 71:398-410 "Alzheimer ’ s disease against peptides products of enzymatic cleavage APP protein: Biological, pathobiological and physico-chemical properties of fibrillating peptides"

Various peptides products of enzymatic cleavage of key for Alzheimer ’ s disease Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) are well known, but still are matter of scientific debate. The A β type products are especially challenging for experimental and medical research. This paper outlines several, still poorly known, biological and medical processes such as peptides biology, i.e., formation, biodistribution, translocation, transport and finally removal from brain compartments and body fluids like Intracellular Fluid (ICF), Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF), Interstitial Fluid (ISF), blood serum or urine. In addition, the following studies concerning AD patients might prove challenging and simultaneously promising: peptides translocation through Blood-Brain – Barrier (BBB) and Blood – Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier (BCSFB) and their removal from the brain according to a new concept of glymphatic system; – diagnostic difficulties that stem from physico-chemical properties and the nature of proteins or fibrillating peptides itself like low concentration, short half-live and from experimental-technical problems as well like high adsorption or low solubility of A β , tau or amylin. The study of diagnostic parameters is very important, as it may better reflect early changes before the disease develops; one such parameter is the A β 42/A β 40 ratio, or the ratio with the total tau concentration combination and other new biomarkers like A β 1-38; other factors include oxidative stress and in...
Source: Postepy higieny i medycyny doswiadczalnej - Category: Research Tags: Review article Source Type: research