Acute encephalopathy in a 2 ‐year‐old pot‐bellied pig following accidental intoxication with clonazepam

Abstract ObjectiveTo describe a case of successful management of clonazepam toxicity causing encephalopathy in a pot‐bellied pig. Case SummaryA 2‐year‐old female pot‐bellied pig weighing 13.5 kg was presented for evaluation of clinical signs of acute encephalopathy. Based on the animal's history and clinical signs, a tentative diagnosis of benzodiazepine (BZP) intoxication was made. The results of a urinary drug screening test designed to detect illicit substances in human urine indicated benzodiazepine exposure. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis later confirmed clonazepam (urinary concentration 496 ng/mL) as the intoxicating substance. The pig responded favorably to treatment which included administration of flumazenil, decontamination with enteral activated charcoal, and intravenous isotonic crystalloid administration. The pig had a rapid improvement in mentation 10 minutes following IV flumazenil administration and was considered mentally appropriate following 24 hours of hospitalization. The pig was discharged from the hospital after 48 hours of care, and was reported to be doing well 6 months later. New Information ProvidedIntoxication with prescription benzodiazepines can occur in companion animals and result in clinical signs of acute encephalopathy. Urinary drug screening tests designed for human use may provide rapid results to indicate drug intoxication and guide therapeutic intervention in veterinary species. Administration of flumazenil res...
Source: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care - Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Tags: Case Report Source Type: research