MYC and HIF in shaping immune response and immune metabolism

The hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a heterodimeric protein composed of a constitutively expressed β subunit (HIF-1β) and the corresponding regulatory α subunit (HIF-1α as opposed to HIF-2α or HIF-3α), where the α subunit is often degraded in the presence of physiological level of oxygen. At physiological level of O2 a pair of proline residues is hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs) [1,2]. The hydroxylated proline residues are then recognized by von hippel lindau gene (VHL), which in complex with other proteins acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, to target HIF-1α for degradation in the proteasome [1,3–5].

Source: Cytokine and Growth Factor Reviews - March 23, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: J.N. Rashida Gnanaprakasam, John William Sherman, Ruoning Wang Tags: Mini review Source Type: research