Buprenorphine-related complications in elderly hospitalised patients: a case series

We report a case series of buprenorphine-related respiratory and neurological depression in opioid-na ïve elderly hospitalised patients who received buprenorphine for acute pain management at our institution over a 24-month period. All six patients had risk factors for respiratory depression such as advanced age, concurrent comorbidities, or the ingestion of other potential central nervous system d epressants. All patients required escalation of management with additional monitoring, with some transferred to a high dependency or intensive care unit. Five patients had attempted naloxone reversal with varying results. Our cases highlight the fact that while buprenorphine has been demonstrated to have a ceiling effect in relation to respiratory depression in healthy volunteers, it remains an important side-effect and may result in significant respiratory depression in patients with reduced respiratory or neurological reserve. Difficulties with buprenorphine’s reversal using naloxone are d escribed. We recommend additional caution when considering buprenorphine for acute pain management in elderly opioid-naïve patients, especially if they have comorbidities or are taking other central nervous system depressants. When buprenorphine is used in patients with risk factors, we recommend a dditional monitoring and education about potential adverse respiratory effects and their management.
Source: Anaesthesia and Intensive Care - Category: Anesthesiology Source Type: research