Neutrophil alloantigens and alloantibodies in different populations

Neutrophils are dynamic, motile cells that provide the first line of defence against many pathogens. Therefore, neutrophils are equipped with a number of receptors. Some of these receptors are known polymorphic carrying immunogenic structures. Immunization against these antigenic structures, known as human neutrophil antigen (HNA), can lead to the production of antibodies. These antibodies are implicated in a number of clinical conditions including immune‐mediated neutropenia, refractoriness to granulocyte transfusions and transfusion‐related acute lung injury. Based on the development of molecular genotyping, intensive studies on the allelic distribution of HNAs have been conducted all over the world. Significant disparity on the allelic distribution was observed, indicating different clinical relevance and priority of HNAs in different ethnic groups. Currently, except in Caucasians, only limited studies on the occurrence of neutrophil alloantibodies have been reported among other populations. These studies may be hampered by the current approach of neutrophil antibody detection due to the fact that several methods still need to be used to obtain reliable results. In this short review, current state on the distribution of HNAs, occurrence of antibodies against HNA and their clinical relevance among different populations will be illustrated.

Source: ISBT Science Series - November 22, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Wenjie Xia, Piyapong Simtong, Sentot Santoso Tags: Congress Review Source Type: research