Nicotine Dependence and Urinary Nicotine, Cotinine and Hydroxycotinine Levels in Daily Smokers

Conclusions:
There are significant relationships between urinary levels of nicotine, cotinine, and hydroxycotinine and the FTND score. Especially the FTND question about TTFC is relevant for explaining the biomarker concentrations. CPD (below 15) was significantly explained by four FTND dependence items and urinary cotinine levels in a regression model.

Implications:
We investigated associations between urinary levels of nicotine, cotinine, and hydroxycotinine in daily smokers and the FTND scores for nicotine dependence. We did not find association between the hydroxycotinine/cotinine ratio and CPD. We developed a model that explains the cigarettes smoked daily (CPD) in a group of light smokers by combining FTND items, urinary cotinine levels, sex, and age. Our results might be of importance for clinical use or future studies on larger smoking populations.

Source: Nicotine and Tobacco Research - August 9, 2016 Category: Addiction Authors: Van Overmeire, I. P. I., De Smedt, T., Dendale, P., Nackaerts, K., Vanacker, H., Vanoeteren, J. F. A., Van Laethem, D. M. G., Van Loco, J., De Cremer, K. A. J. Tags: Original Investigation Source Type: research