The association of circadian typology with cognition and smoking status: a cross-sectional Egyptian study

This study is based on the hypothesis that circadian typology is a risk factor for smoking and for higher levels of nicotine consumption, dependence, and associated cognitive changes in smokers. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the possible associations between circadian typology and smoking. Measures quantifying nicotine dependence and smoking status were applied to the recruited sample. In addition, cognitive assessment of the sample was carried out. Participants and methods: A representative sample of smokers (total N=100) of both sexes were randomly selected. All patients had been smoking for at least 5 years. An age-matched and sex-matched control group of healthy nonsmokers was also recruited. Each participant was subjected to a clinical psychiatric interview using the Arabic version of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The chronotype of the participants was evaluated using the Horne and Ostberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire. Cognition was assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale. Smoking status was assessed with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, the self-administered Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale, and the Questionnaire of Smoking Urges. Results: The majority of smokers were of neither typology, followed by moderately evening type. Smokers had statistically significant cognitive impairment in terms of visuospatial ability, verbal fluency, delayed recording, and total Montreal Cognitive Assessment score compare...
Source: Middle East Current Psychiatry - Category: Psychiatry Tags: Original articles Source Type: research