Quivering Kidneys: Minimally Invasive Tests for Renal Pathology? (The few, the new, and not-so-new tried and true)

Clinical testing for renal disease in dogs and cats has largely remained unchanged for many years, with renal insufficiency identified by increasing serum BUN and creatinine as estimates of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with concurrent isosthenuria. Detection of proteinuria is suggestive of glomerular pathology. It is widely recognized that these diagnostic modalities lack sensitivity and specificity, and they do not determine the underlying cause. Once renal azotemia is present, the kidneys have typically succumbed to severe, often irreversible damage.
Source: Advances in Small Animal Medicine and Surgery - Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Source Type: research