Crystallization behavior of solid solutions from aqueous solutions: An environmental perspective

Publication date: Available online 1 July 2016 Source:Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials Author(s): Manuel Prieto, Frank Heberling, Rosa M. Rodríguez-Galán, Felix Brandt Aqueous–solid solution (AQ-SS) processes have garnered increasing attention from geochemists and environmental engineers because they play major roles in the fate and transport of elements in Earth surface environments. The reasons for this interest include: (i) the primary crystallization of minerals from multicomponent aqueous solutions leads to the formation of solid solutions in which different ions are substituted for one another in equivalent structural positions; (ii) the interaction between pre-existing minerals and water frequently yields surface precipitation and dissolution–recrystallization processes in which such substituting ions redistribute to adapt to new physicochemical conditions; (iii) the concentrations of specific minor elements in biogenic and abiogenic minerals have been shown to correlate with various parameters characterizing the growth environment (temperature, pH, nutrient levels, salinity, etc.) and the corresponding compositional signatures can be powerful tools in reconstructing the past from the sedimentary record; (iv) the aqueous concentration of heavy metals and other harmful ions can be significantly reduced by their incorporation into the structure of suitable host minerals and as such a ‘reduction of solubility’ can be explo...
Source: Progress in Crystal Growth and Characterization of Materials - Category: Chemistry Source Type: research