Effects of Exercise on Breast Cancer Risk

Observational data indicate that behaviors that shift energetic homeostasis, such as exercise, may decrease the risk of developing breast cancer by reducing the amount of energy-dense, metabolically active adipose tissue. Between December 2008 and April 2013, we conducted a single-blind, 5-month, clinical trial that randomized premenopausal women at high risk of developing breast cancer to one of three groups: 150 min/wk of aerobic exercise (low dose), 300 min/wk of aerobic exercise (high dose), or control. Body composition was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) was quantified using computerized algorithms on breast dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Over 5 months, compared with the control group: the low-dose and high-dose groups lost –1.5 ± 0.5 and –1.3 ± 0.5 kg of body mass (linear Ptrend = 0.032); –1.5 ± 0.4 and –1.4 ± 0.3 kg of fat mass (linear Ptrend = 0.003); –1.3 ± 0.3 and –1.4 ± 0.3% of body fat (linear Ptrend < 0.001); –15.9 ± 5.4 and –26.6 ± 5.0 cm2 of subcutaneous adipose tissue (linear Ptrend < 0.001); and –6.6 ± 1.9 and –5.0 ± 1.9 cm2 visceral adipose tissue (nonlinear Ptrend = 0.037). For each –1 cm2 reduction in visceral adipose tissue, BPE decreased by –3.43 ± 1.34 cm2 (P = 0.010) and explained 9.7% of the variability in BPE. Changes in other aforementioned...
Source: Cancer Prevention Research - Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research